Oral Cancer Flashcards
What percent of oral or pharyngeal cancers are squamous cell in origin?
90%
95% of oral cancers occurs in people older than what?
40
Median age of diagnosis for oral cancer.
63
A biological process in which large areas of cells are affected by a carcinogenic alteration.
Field Cancerization
% change of a second primary tumor.
3-7% (higher than any other tumor).
Oral cancer 5-year survival rate.
Less than 66%
Late dx symptoms of oral cancer:
- Pain
- A mass
- Bleeding
- Otalgia (ear pain)
- Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).
- Numbness
The number one predisposing factor to oral cancer.
Previous oral cancer
The proportion of people with the disease that test positive.
Sensitivity
The proportion of people without the disease that test negative.
Specificity
An ideal test will have ___ sensitivity and ___ specificity.
high; high
Most Toluidine Blue Staining studies for oral cancer show high or low sensitivity?
High!
Chemiluminescence shows what kind of specificity?
LOW
Many benign lesions appear what color in chemiluminescence?
Acetowhite
This dinucleotide is associated with metabolic activity in cells.
FAD
How is the fluorescence and concentration of FAD affected with cell turnover and dysplasia.
Decreases in cell turnover and dysplasia.
What happens to fluorescence as collagen is broken down from cancer?
Decreases
Areas of the mouth with naturally keratinized squamous epithelium.
Attached gingiva
Hard palate
How is the intensity of fluorescence affected in dysplasia?
It DECREASES
Tissue components that decrease fluorescence.
1) Melanin
2) Blood (Hemoglobin)
What are these indications for? :
1) To enhance visualization or abnormalities that may lead to oral cancer and that may not be apparent or visible to the naked eye.
2) The device is also intended to be used by surgeons to help identify diseased tissue around a clinically apparent lesion and thus aid in determining the appropriate margin for surgical excision.
VELscope
These biomarkers are located in saliva.
mRNA and MicroRNA
