Extraoral Exam

Question 1

Firm supraclavicular lymph node that’s more prominent on the left.

Answer 1

Virchow’s Node

Question 2

Metastatic cancer from the pelvis and abdomen often spread to this lymph node.

Answer 2

Virchow’s Node

Question 3

AKA the sentinel node.

Answer 3

Virchow’s Node

Question 4

A hardened, fixed, or rapidly growing lymph node may indicate what?

Answer 4

Tumor

Question 5

These are what?

Bleeding lesions
Uneven pigmentation
Irregular edge
Non-symmetrical
Non-healing ulcer
Size shape changing over time

Answer 5

Hallmarks of Malignancy

Question 6

A waxy or rough plaques

Answer 6

Seborrheic keratoses

Question 7

Walled off cavity filled with keratin.

Answer 7

Epidermoid cyst

Question 8

Multiple small epidermoid cysts.

Answer 8

Milia

Question 9

Benign enlargement of sebaceous nodules.

Answer 9

Sebaceous cyst

Question 10

Tiny veins on the face that can be associated with alcoholism.

Answer 10

Telangiectasia

Question 11

Tiny red dot on skin.

Answer 11

Cherry angioma

Question 12

Common precursor to squamous cell carcinoma.

In sun-exposed areas.

Answer 12

Actinic Keratosis

Question 13

Most common non-melanoma skin cancer.

Answer 13

Basal cell

Question 14

Second most common non-melanoma skin cancer.

Answer 14

SCC

Question 15

This cancer has elevated or rolled edges with central ulceration.

Answer 15

SCC

Question 16

Heterogenous coloration with amoeba-like appearance.

Answer 16

Melanoma

Question 17

Another name for a mole.

Answer 17

Melanotic nevus

Question 18

Splinter hemorrhages are seen in what illness?

Answer 18

Subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Question 19

In the distal joints of the hands seen in osteoarthritis.

Answer 19

Haberden’s nodes

Question 20

These nodes are in the proximal joints in people with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Answer 20

Bouchard’s Nodes

Question 21

Breakdown of cartilage

Answer 21

Osteoarthritis

Question 22

Autoimmune disease where body attacks synovium and fluid builds up in the joints, causing pain and inflammation.

Answer 22

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Question 23

Clubbed nails have what angle?

Answer 23

> 180

Question 24

Advanced lung disease and right-sided heart failure is associated with this.

Answer 24

Clubbed fingernails.

Question 25

Recurrent superficial infections of the:

• Skin
• Mucous membranes
• Nails

Answer 25

Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis

Question 26

Name of the white half-moon on the nail.

Answer 26

Lunula

Question 27

What do you do when you notice a patient doesn’t have a lunula?

Answer 27

Order a Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Can be:

Anemia
Alopecia areata (patchy hair loss)
Liver disease

Question 28

What does a pale blue lunula suggest?

Answer 28

Diabetes

Question 29

Spoon-shaped nail

Answer 29

Koilonychia

Question 30

Koilonychia indicates what disease?

Answer 30

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 31

The following cause this nail disease:

Diabetes
Amyloidosis
Median/Ulner nerve injury
Thermal injury
Jaundice

Answer 31

Yellow Nails Syndrome

Question 32

This causes Terry’s half and half nails (half lunula half nail)/ distal nail to turn brown.

Answer 32

Chronic renal failure

Question 33

These are associated with:

• Addison’s disease
• Nevus at nail base
• Breast cancer
• Melanoma
• Trauma

Answer 33

Longitudinal brown lines

Question 34

Zinc deficiency or intermittent immunosuppressive therapy nails

Answer 34

Beau’s Lines

Question 35

When only one nail is half and half.

Answer 35

Fungal infection (not systemic bc only one nail is affected).

Question 36

How to remember Heberden’s Nodes and Bouchard’s Nodes.

Answer 36

HD (Haberden - distal)

BP (Bouchard’s - proximal)