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Oral Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what is a homodont? example?

A

one form and one function of teeth (Shark all pierce food)

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2
Q

what is a heterodont? example?

A

several forms in the same arch (humans)

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3
Q

what is the difference between polyphyodontism and diphyodontism?

A

poly-many sets of teeth with continuous replacement of teeth

diph-2 sets of teeth such as primary and permanent

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4
Q

function of primary dentition

A

alignment, formation, speech, mastication and helps form secondary teeth

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5
Q

function of secondary dentition

A

esthetics, speech, and mastication

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6
Q

enamel is composed of what and the color depends on what 3 things?

A

composted of 96% mineralized and color depends on

  1. thickness
  2. how mineralized
  3. color of dentin
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7
Q

define acrodont

A

teeth are fused to the height of the alveolar ridge (lizards)

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8
Q

define pleurodont

A

teeth fused to inner surface of alveolar bone (alligators)

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9
Q

define thecodont

A

teeth are held in the jaw by roots (humans)

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10
Q

Define Universal Notation for Primary teeth

A

A-T

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11
Q

Define Palmer notation for primary teeth

A

A-E with quadrant designation with A being the midline

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12
Q

Define FDI system for primary teeth

A

5-8 for quad and 1-5 for tooth
Quad 1=5 Quad 2=6 Quad 3=7 Quad4=8
Tooth A is 55

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13
Q

Define Universal Notation for permanent teeth

A

1-32

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14
Q

Define Palmer notation for permanent teeth

A

1-8 with quadrant designation with 1 being midline

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15
Q

define FDI system for permanent teeth

A

1-4 for quad and 1-8 for tooth

Tooth number 8 is 11

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16
Q

DAQT System described

A

Dentition (primary vs permanent)
Arch (maxillary vs mandibular)
Quadrants (left vs right)
Tooth (type and class such as central incisor)

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17
Q

how to say a dental charting in the correct order

A

MODBL

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18
Q

bones serve as a base for what?

A

palpation of soft tissues

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19
Q

8 bones in neurocranium

A

frontal, parietal (2), occipital, temporal (2), sphenoid, ethmoid

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20
Q

Coronal suture joins…

A

frontal and parietal

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21
Q

sagittal suture joins…

A

2 parietal bones

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22
Q

lamboidal suture joins…

A

occipital and parietal bones

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23
Q

squamosal suture joins…

A

temporal and parietal bones

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24
Q

14 bones in the Viscerocranium

A

Mandible, vomer, 2 maxillae, 2 lacrimal, 2 zygomatic, 2 nasal, 2 palatine, 2 inferior nasal conchae

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25
Q

temporozygomatic suture joins..

A

temporal and zygomatic bones

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26
Q

median palatine suture joins..

A

palatine bone

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27
Q

transverse palatine suture joins..

A

maxilla and palatine bones

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28
Q

What are the orbits composed of?

A

front, ethmoid and lacrimal bones, zygomatic and sphenoid bones, maxilla, and sphenoid

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29
Q

Cranial nerves that come through the superior orbital fissure

A

3, 4, V1, and 6

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30
Q

Cranial nerve that comes through the optic canal

A

2

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31
Q

3 things the nasal septum is composed of

A
  1. ethmoid bone
  2. vomer bone
  3. nasal septum cartilage
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32
Q

Foramen ovale transmits what nerve?

A

V3

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33
Q

Foramen spinosum transmits what artery?

A

meningeal artery

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34
Q

foramen rotundum transmits what nerve?

A

V2

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35
Q

optic canal transmits what nerve?

A

2

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36
Q

2 functions of sinuses

A
  1. makes bones lighter

2. resonates sound for us

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37
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A
  1. masseter
  2. temporalis
  3. medial pterygoid
  4. lateral pterygoid
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38
Q

action of masseter

A

elevation of mandible

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39
Q

action of temporalis

A

elevation of mandible and posterior fibers retrude mandible

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40
Q

action of medial pterygoid

A

elevation of the mandible

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41
Q

action of lateral pterygoid

A

slight depression of mandible, protrusion of mandible, and shifting of mandible

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42
Q

what are the muscles of facial expression?

A
  1. epicranius
  2. orbicularis oculi
  3. corrugator supercilii
  4. procerus
  5. levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
  6. levator labii superioris
  7. zygomaticus major
  8. zygomaticus minor
  9. levator anguli oris
  10. risorius
  11. buccinator
  12. orbicularis oris
  13. depressor anguli oris
  14. depressor labii inferioris
  15. mentalis
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43
Q

depressor muscle

A
  1. platysma

2. tongue

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44
Q

what nerve innervates the facial expression muscles?

A

7

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45
Q

function of epicranius

A

raises eyebrows and scalp moves

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46
Q

function of orbicularis oculi

A

close the eyelid or squint

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47
Q

function of corrugator supercilii

A

moves skin of eyebrows mesial and inferior; vertical wrinkles in forehead -furrowing of the brow

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48
Q

function of procerus

A

horizontal wrinkles between eyebrows

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49
Q

function of levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

A

flaring of nares

50
Q

function of levator labii superioris

A

elevates upper lip

51
Q

function of zygomaticus major

A

pulls angle of mouth superior and laterally

52
Q

function of zygomaticus minor

A

pulls angle of mouth superior and lateral

53
Q

what are the smile muscles?

A

zygomaticus major and minor, levator anguli oris, and risorius

54
Q

function of levator anguli oris

A

pulls angle of mouth superior and lateral

55
Q

function of risorius

A

widens the mouth

56
Q

actions of buccinator

A

pulls angle of mouth laterally, shortens cheek vertically and horizontally

57
Q

action of orbicularis oris

A

closes the lips

58
Q

action of depressor anguli oris

A

depresses angle of mouth

59
Q

action of depressor labii inferioris

A

depresses the lower lip

60
Q

action of mentalis

A

elevates skin at chin which will protrude lower lip

61
Q

action of platysma

A

raises skin on neck and pulls corners of mouth down

62
Q

3 functions of the tongue

A

speech, mastication, swallowing

63
Q

3 mucosa layers that cover the tongue

A
  1. lining mucosa
  2. masticatory mucosa
  3. specialized mucosa
64
Q

function of lining mucosa

A

protective and cushion

65
Q

function of masticatory mucosa

A

resiliency barrier

66
Q

function of specialized mucosa

A

taste

67
Q

what are the extrinsic tongue muscles

A
  1. genioglossus
  2. styloglossus
  3. hyoglossus
68
Q

action of genioglossus

A

protrusion of the tongue

69
Q

action of styloglossus

A

retracts tongue

70
Q

action of hyoglossus

A

depresses the tongue into the mouth

71
Q

functions of intrinsic tongue muscles

A
  1. change shape of tongue
  2. speech
  3. swallowing
  4. mastication
72
Q

intrinsic tongue muscles and in order on the tongue

A
  1. superior longitudinal
  2. transverse
  3. vertical
  4. inferior longitudinal
73
Q

function of superior longitudinal muscle

A

shortens and thickens tongue

74
Q

function of transverse muscle

A

lengthens and narrows tongue

75
Q

function of vertical intrinsic muscles

A

lengthens and narrows tongue

76
Q

function of inferior longitudinal muscles

A

shortens and thickens tongue

77
Q

functions of the pharynx

A
  1. respiration
  2. digestion
  3. middle ear pressure
78
Q

what are the muscles of the soft palate

A 
palatoglossus muscle
palatopharyngeus muscle
levator veli palatini muscle
tensor veli palatini muscle
muscle of the uvula
79
Q

actions of palatoglossus muscle

A
  1. closes oral cavity from pharynx
  2. elevation base of tongue
  3. depresses soft palate
80
Q

actions of palatopharyneus muscle

A

palate moves posterior and inferior and posterior pharyngeal wall anterior and superior

81
Q

actions of levator veli palatini muscle

A

elevates soft palate to contact posterior pharyngeal wall

82
Q

actions of tensor veli palatini muscle

A

opens Eustachian tube, and tenses and depresses soft palate

83
Q

action of muscle of the uvula

A

shortens and broadens the uvla

84
Q

action of stylopharyngeus

A

widens and elevates pharynx

85
Q

action of hyoid muscles

A

assist in swallowing and mastication

86
Q

what are the suprahyoid muscles?

A
  1. digastric
  2. mylohyoid
  3. geniohyoid
  4. stylohyoid
87
Q

action of digastric muscle

A

elevates hyoid/larynx and depresses the mandible

88
Q

action of mylohyoid muscle

A

elevates hyoid, depresses mandible, and helps elevate tongue

89
Q

action of geniohyoid

A

elevate hyoid; depresses mandible

90
Q

action of stylohyoid muscle

A

elevates hyoid and depresses mandible

91
Q

what are the infrahyoid muscles?

A
  1. sternothyroid
  2. sternohyoid
  3. omohyoid
  4. thyrohyoid
92
Q

action of sternothyroid muscles

A

depresses thyroid cartilage/larynx

93
Q

action of sternohyoid muscles

A

depresses hyoid

94
Q

action of omohyoid muscles

A

depresses hyoid

95
Q

action of thyrohyoid muscles

A

depressed hyoid

96
Q

action of sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

head to opposing side or flexion of head

97
Q

action of trapezius

A

elevates scapula and clavicle

98
Q

function of arteries

A

carry blood away from the heart

99
Q

function of veins

A

carry blood towards the heart

100
Q

what artery supplies most of the blood to the head and neck region?

A

common carotid

101
Q

what are the 8 branches of the external carotid

A

Superficial temporal
Maxillary
Posterior Auricular

Occipital
Facial
Lingual
Ascending Pharyngeal
Superior Thyroid

SALFO PMS

102
Q

superior thyroid artery supplies what

A

infrahyroid, scm artery, larynx and cartilage in the larynx

103
Q

ascending pharyngeal artery supplies what?

A

pharyngeal walls, soft palate, and meninges of brain

104
Q

lingual artery supplies what

A

suprahyoid muscles and floor of mouth and tongue

105
Q

what are the 5 main branches of the facial artery

A
  1. ascending palatine (soft palate)
  2. submental (submandibular salivary gland and lymph nodes; mylohyoid and digastric muscles
  3. inferior labial (lower lip and some depressor muscles of facial expression
  4. superior labial-upper lips
  5. angular-tissues lateral to nose (terminal branch)
106
Q

what does the occipital artery supply?

A

posterior scalp, suprahyoid muscles, sternocleidomastoid, and meninges

107
Q

what does the posterior auricular artery supply?

A

internal portion of ear

108
Q

what does the superficial temporal artery supply?

A

parotid gland, temporalis muscle, frontal and parietal scalp

109
Q

what does the maxillary artery supply

A

muscles of mastication and oral and nasal cavities

110
Q

what does the middle meningeal artery supply

A

meninges (under pterion)

111
Q

what does the inferior alveolar artery supply

A

posterior teeth of mandibular, gingiva, and periodonta

112
Q

what does the mylohyoid artery supply

A

floor of mouth and mylohyoid muscle

113
Q

what does the mental artery supply

A

tissues of the chin

114
Q

what does the incisive artery supply

A

mandibular anterior teeth and pre-molars, periodontal and ginigiva

115
Q

what does the deep temporal artery supply

A

temporalis muscle

116
Q

what does pterygoid branches artery supply

A

medial and lateral pterygoids

117
Q

what does the masseteric artery supply

A

masseter

118
Q

what does the buccal artery supply

A

buccinator

119
Q

what does the deep lingual artery supply

A

the tongue

120
Q

superficial temporal artery supplies what

A

parotid gland, temporalis muscle and frontal and parietal scalp

121
Q

what is the maxiallary arteries brocken into

A

muscles of mastication and oral and nasal cavities

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