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Periodontology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the clinical science that deals with the periodontium in health and disease; the branch of dentistry concerned with the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of disease of the supporting structures of the teeth

A

periodontology

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2
Q

what is the aspect of clinical dentistry involved in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the periodontium

A

periodontics

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3
Q

what is any abnormality or pathological state involving the gingival or supporting tissues of the teeth, commonly used to designate collectively the inflammatory and degenerative disease of the periodontium

A

periodontal disease

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4
Q

what suspends and maintains the tooth in its socket

A

periodontal ligament

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5
Q

what anchors the perio ligament fibers to the tooth and protects dentin

A

cementum

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6
Q

what surrounds and supports the roots of the tooth

A

alveolar bone

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7
Q

what provides a seal around the neck of the tooth and holds the tissues against the tooth during mastication

A

gingiva

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8
Q

what separates the free and attached gingiva

A

free gingival groove

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9
Q

what is the pink attached gingiva that meets the red,shiny alveolar mucosa

A

mucogingival junction

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10
Q

What is free gingiva composed of?

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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11
Q

What is the attached ginigva composed of?

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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12
Q

what is the interdental gingiva composed of?

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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13
Q

what is a depression in the interdental gingiva that is apical to the contact area?

A

col

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14
Q

is the col area keratinized? what does this lead to?

A

no which causes disease to start more easily

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15
Q

what is the gingival sulcus composed of

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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16
Q

what is the smallest structural unit of living matter capable of functioning independently

A

cells

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17
Q

what is the epithelial tissue that separates the epithelial sheets and the connective tissue

A

basal lamina

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18
Q

what tissue makes up the outer surface of the body and lines the body cavities such as the mouth and stomach

A

epithelial tissue

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19
Q

what makes up the skin and mucosa of the oral cavity in which cells are arranged in several layers

A

stratified squamous epithelium

20
Q

what traits define keratinized tissue

A

have no nuclei, and form a tough resistant layer on the surface of skin

21
Q

where is keratinized tissue located at in the mouth

A

attached gingiva, marginal gingiva, interdental papilla, and gingival crest

22
Q

what traits define nonkeratinized tissue

A

have nuclei, act as a cushion against mechanical stress and the cells are softer and more flexible and more susceptible to disease

23
Q

where is nonkeratinized tissue located at in the mouth

A

junctional epithelium, sulcular epithelium, col, alveolar mucosa

24
Q

what are the 4 layers of the gingival epithelium (keratinized)

A
  1. stratum basal
  2. stratum spinosum
  3. stratum granulosum
  4. stratum cornium
25
Q

what are traits of stratum basal and what shape of cells is it composed of

A

deepest layer of epithelium, and composed of columnar or cuboidal shaped cells

26
Q

traits of stratum spinosum and shape of cells

A

adjacent to the basal cell layer and composed of polygonal shaped cells

27
Q

traits of stratum granulosum and shape of cells

A

adjacent to the spinous layer and composed of flattened cells

28
Q

traits of stratum cornium and shape of cells

A

most superficial layer of the epithelium which contains cells that are flatter than those of granular layer and have no nuclei

29
Q

what is the turnover rate for oral epithelium

A

10-12 days

30
Q

what is the turnover rate for junctional epithelium and why?

A

1 to 6 days because it is nonkeratinized

31
Q

what two layers makes up the basal lamina

A
  1. lamina densa

2. lamina lucida

32
Q

traits of lamina densa

A

layer closest to the connective tissue and contains filaments and granules (dense layer)

33
Q

traits of lamina lucida

A

clear or lucid layer closest to the epithelium

34
Q

what two layers form the connective tissue

A

papillary and reticular layers

35
Q

what does the papillary layer contain

A

collagen fibers that are thin and loosely arranged

36
Q

what dose the reticular layer contain

A

collagen fibers that are arranged in thick dense bundles

37
Q

what is connective tissue composed of? (3)

A
  1. fibroblast
  2. macrophage and neutrophils
  3. lymphocyte or polymorphonutro (PMNs)
38
Q

what are fibroblasts?

A

make fibers and ground substance (extracellular matrix)

39
Q

what are macrophages?

A

phagocytes that eat dying cells

40
Q

who is the first one to arrive at the site of an infection

A

PMNs

41
Q

what are epithelial ridges or rete pegs?

A

deep extensions of epithelium that reach into the connective tissues

42
Q

what are connective tissue papilla?

A

fingerlike extensions of CT that extend up into the epithelium

43
Q

what is the purpose of rete pigs and connective tissue papilla?

A

increases surface area for a strong adhesions to resist mechanical forces and increases the area for the epithelium to receive nourishment from the CT

44
Q

what are desmesomes

A

connects two neighboring epithelial cells and their cytoskeletons together

45
Q

what are hemidesmesomes

A

connect epithelial cells to the basal lamina

46
Q

what is the lining of the gingival sulcus, and extends from the crest of the Gingival margin to the coronol edge of the JE

A

sulcular eptihelium

47
Q

purposes of ginigival crevicular fluid

A

slight in heath and increases in diseases
increases during chewing, pregnancy, and oral contraceptives
cleanses sulcus
IgG, IgM, IgA

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