ORAL Flashcards
Purpose for the Central Bus?
Start APU
Connects System with 3 or less generators online
Connects GPU to system
How long do the Emergency Lights last?
15 minutes
How do you charge the Emergency Lights?
When in the ARMED position (own dedicated batteries)
What does the Backup Battery charge?
GCU protective function, EDL, and ISIS
How can you test the Backup Battery?
If you press the overhead button and the ISIS stays on, its a good test
What happens during ELEC EMERG ABNORM?
EDL improper configuration
In essential power when its not supposed to be
What happens during ELEC ESS XFER FAIL?
EDL improper configuration
Is not in essential power when its supposed to be
DC GEN Distribution with 4/5 or GPU
Right and left networks are isolated
All buses are energized
DC GEN Distribution with 3
Both networks are interconnected via bus ties
All buses are energized
DC GEN Distribution with 1/2
Ground: Both networks are interconnected via bus ties and shed only in OVRD
Air: Both networks are interconnected via bus ties without shed
DC GEN Distribution with 0
Ground: Batt last 10 minutes (all DC busses are powered)
Air: Batt last 40 minutes + 3 APU attempts (EDL forces ESS power)
Shed bus knob OFF?
Shed Bus contactors open
Shed bus knob AUTO?
EDL controls Shed bus contactors
Shed bus knob OVRD?
Shed bus contactors close if aircraft is on ground with 1 generator running
How do you know if an IC-600 has failed?
Captain side red X across MFD, PFD, and EICAS
FO side red X across MFD, PFD
What can you do if an IC-600 fails to get information
Select the SG button
What is the IC-600?
Graphic Card
Where does the DAU send information?
DAU -> IC-600 -> Display
What is the purpose of the DAU?
Collects information and work to monitor engine and aircraft systems
How many DAU channels are there?
2
A Primary
B Standby (ready to takeover incase A failure)
What is the trend vector for airspeed?
10 seconds
What is the trend vector for altitude?
6 seconds
What are the doors indicated on the MFD?
Forward Electronic
Under Cockpit Access
Main Door
Service Door
Fueling Door
2 Emergency Exits
Baggage Door
Aft Electronic
When is CAS inhibition activated for takeoff?
V1-15 kts
When is CAS inhibition deactivated for takeff?
Above 400 RA
Airspeed 60 knots
Or 1 minute incase of RA failure
When is CAS inhibition logic activated for landing?
200 RA
When is CAS inhibition logic deactivated for landing?
Weight on wheels
or 1 minute incase of Go-Around
How and where is the accessory gearbox connected?
Connected to the N2 spool via the towershaft
What accessories are on the accessory gearbox?
Hydraulic Pump
Air Turbine Starter
PMA
FPMU
Oil Pump
Generator
When does the PMA power the ignitors?
10% N2
When does the PMA power the FADEC?
50% N2
What is associated on the N1 fan?
3 stage LP turbine drives a 1 stage LP fan
What is associated on the N2 fan?
2 stage HP turbine drives a 14 stage HP fan
How many fan blades are on the compressor?
24
What stages comprise the compressor?
1 through 5: CVG, adjusted by fuel from the FPMU for compressor stalls
6 through 14: fixed stator blades
What is the max time a takeoff thrust mode can be used?
5 minutes
In case of engine failure, what will the ATTCS change the thrust setting to?
ALT T/O-1: T/O 1
T/O: T/O RSV
E T/O: E T/O RSV
What comes out the engine drain system?
Oil, hydraulics, fuel
What is the abort start criteria?
Unusual noise or vibration
Engine abnormalities
Flames
No light off within 10 seconds of fuel flow
Fuel flow drops to 0 after light off
ITT rapidily rises to 800 (hot start)
N2 decreases or remains steady for 5 seconds (hung start)
No N1 rotation prior to 57%N2
N2 does not reach 57% by 1 minute
What is the normal start sequence?
N2 rotation within 20 seconds
Oil pressure rises
14% N2: IGN
28% N2: Fuel Flow
ITT rises within 10 seconds of fuel flow
N1 rotation prior to 57% N2
Stabilized: 2-4-6, good pressure, good temps, good vibes
What happens if you get the warning ATTCS NO MRGN
FADEC thinks it does not have sufficient ITT or N2 margins in case of engine failure
Aircraft NOT safe to fly
What happens if you get the warning LOW N1
Engine not achieving requested N1
Aircraft NOT safe to fly
How many FADECS are there?
2 per engine
One primary, one monitoring
How do the FADECS talk to eachother?
The data bus
How are the FADECS powered?
Prior to 50% N2 powered by essential
After 50% N2 powered by PMA
When is an aircraft determined ‘Cold Soaked’
Temperature is 5ºC or less and engines been off for 90 minutes
IGN turned to ON
To increase above 83% N2 engine oil must be
40ºC or warmer
In regards to a cold engine, it must run at 8 minutes and temperature is
21ºC
How many channels are on the stall protection system?
2
How many stick shakers are there?
2 Stick Shakers
How many channels need to be active for the stick shakers to work?
1 channel
How many stick pushers are there?
1 stick pusher
How many channels need to be active for the stick pusher to work?
2 channels
When landing flaps 22, when do you need to increase VREF by 6kts?
Icing conditions encountered
SPS ice speeds
OAT 10ºC or less at landing
How does the landing gear retraction process work?
Lever up, LGEU, HYD SYS 1, DN lock and retraction, Up lock
How does the landing gear extension process work?
Lever DN, LGEU, HYD SYS 1, Up lock and extension, DN lock
When does the aural ‘LND GEAR’ Sound
Flaps 45, any altitude, any TLA
Any flap setting, below 1200 AGL, low TLA
What happens when you pull the free fall extension for the landing gear?
Pulling up de-preasurizes the system and releases the up locks
How many Air to ground sensors are there?
5
4 on the mains, 1 on the nose
When do you get the LG AIR/GND FAIL
When there are 4 signals and they do not agree
What does the nose gear sensor send signal to during WOW?
Thrust Reverser
Steering Control
Downlock release
What is the radius of the steering?
5º with rudder
71º with tiller
What is the process of braking?
Pedals, BCU, BCV, HYD SYS 1 (controls outboards 1 and 4) HYD SYS 2 (controls inboards 2 and 3).
What does the BCU do?
Monitors brake performance and sends signal to BCV
What does the BCV do?
Modulates brake pressure
What is the purpose of touchdown protection?
Prevents brake actuation before main wheel speed up
When does touchdown protection occur?
3 seconds from last WOW
or wheel speed greater than 50kts
What is the purpose of Locked Wheel Protection?
Relives brake pressure if they are not in sync
When does Locked Wheel Protection occur?
Wheel speed greater than 30kts
If one wheel is 30% difference, brake relieves pressure
What is the purpose of Anti-Skid Protection?
If BCU falls below average speed, pressure is relaxed
When does Anti-Skid Protection occur?
Wheel speed greater than 10kts
If 1 of 4 BCU falls below average speed, pressure is relaxed
When does thrust activation occur?
When WOW main speed is 25kts or greater
When does MAX thrust activation occur?
When WOW from nose gear or mains is 25kts or greater
How many locks are on the thrust reversers?
3 Locks
1 and 2 are electro-hydraulic
3 is electric
How does thrust reverse activation occur?
Ground sensor + thrust reverser actuation
What happens if a thrust reverser deploys in flight?
FADEC commands throttle to IDLE
What uses does the emergency brake actuator have?
24 hours of parking brake
6 emergency uses
How is the Elevator controlled?
Mechanical
Where are the Spring Tabs located and when are they useful?
Inboard
High speeds
Where are the Servo Tabs located and when are they useful?
Outboard
High and low speeds
How are the Ailerons controlled?
Cables trigger actuators HYD SYS 1 and 2
What side is the Torque Tube and Autopilot on for the Ailerons?
Left side
What side is the Artificial feel and Roll trim located for Ailerons?
Right side
How are the Rudders controlled?
Cables trigger actuators HYD SYS 1 and 2
How are the Spoilers and Speed Brakes controlled?
Electrical signal to HYD system
How does the flap system work?
FECU (brain) -> FPDU (gearbox with 2 motors)
What happens if one of the gearbox motors in the flaps fail?
Flaps will move 50% slower
What are the purpose of the Vortex Generators
Located on top of the wings - Prevent airflow seperation
What is the purpose of the Vortilons
Direct airflow over the wing, preventing the wingtip from stalling first
How does the rudder overboost protection work?
Above 135kts SYS 1 shutsoff
When can the speed brakes open?
Lever is set to open
TLR is lower than 50º
Flaps are set 0 to 9
When can the ground spoilers deploy?
Aircraft on the ground
Wheel speeds greater than 25kts
TLR lower than 30º
N2 less than 56%
How does rudder hardover protection occur?
Force on one pedal greater than 130Lb and rudder deflection greater than 5º opposite direction
When does the electric driven hydraulic pump turn on?
1600 PSI
What is the purpose of the priority valve?
With engine 1 out, it minimizes flow to gear and prioritizes flow to flight controls
Where is Hydraulic accumulator 1 located?
Nose compartment
Where is Hydraulic accumulator 2 located?
Behind the right wing
What happens during APU GEN OVLD?
Occurs when APU Gen is over 400 amps
Turn BATT 1 off, once the amps decrease - turn back on
What are the oil quantities required to report
8: Advise MX
7: Minimum to start
6: Minimum for takeoff
When does the oil quantity turn amber?
Less than 6qts
What is the Max oil capacity?
12 quarts
What is the purpose of the ACOC?
Cools the oil
What is the process of the fuel system?
Wing tip, collector box, pressurized by 1 or 3 fuel pumps, check valve, xfeed valve, engine or APU shutoff valve, FPMU or APU
What is the Max fuel compacity?
13297LB
What is the purpose of the flow ejector pumps?
Keeps collector box full
What does selecting the crossfeed valve do?
Opens crossfeed valve and turns off selected fuel pump
When do you get the FUEL TRANSFER CRITICAL EICAS
Fuel in the ventral tank, but one wing tank quantity is less than 3130Lb
When do you get the FUEL LO LEVEL EICAS
When fuel quantity 460-580Lb
When may a through flight setup check be conducted?
Crew keeps the same aircraft
Flight crew members stay onboard
Aircraft remains energized
No maintenance action has been taken
When must a terminating check be accomplished?
Aircraft powered down
Aircraft unattended
When is the after start check accomplished?
After completion of second engine start?
Where are the Gasper Fan locations?
Passenger Outlets
Rear electronics bay
O2 cylinder compartment
When do the packs automatically shut off?
Icing conditions below FL246
Go around or E/TO takeoff below 1700 AGL
One Engine below 9700
Pack Overload
Pack Overheat
Engine Start
Essential power or loss of bleed source
Where is bleed air tapped from?
9th and 14th Stages
When is bleed air tapped from the 9th stage?
Normal operations
When is bleed air tapped from the 14th stage?
Low thrust setting
Icing conditions
Cross Bleed Operations
What is the purpose of Pitot/Static 3?
Sends data to CPAM
When does the ‘CABIN CABIN’ aural sound happen?
Cabin altitude 9900 +/- 100 feet
What happens when you press the DUMP button in manual mode?
Nothing happens
What happens when you press the DUMP button in AUTO mode?
Dumps to 14500 or actual altitude
What is the purpose of the Static Ports?
Allows outflow valves to open
Provide over and under pressure relief
Where are the Static Ports located?
Each side of the aircraft
When does the Ice detectors activate?
When there are 0.5mm build up
How long does the Ice detection run for?
1 minute
What is ‘Visible Moisture’
Clouds/Fog when visibility is a mile or less
How are the Anti-Ice systems powered?
Pneumatically actuated, electronically commanded
How are the Anti-Ice sensors powered?
Electrically heated once engines are running
How many Fire Bottles are on the aircraft, and where are they located?
2 for the Engines
1 for APU
What EICAS messages are present during the Fire Protection Test?
E1-2 FIRE
APU FIRE
BAGG SMOKE
E1-2 FIRE DET FAIL
APU FIRE DET FAIL
What closes when pulling the Fire T Handle?
Hydraulic Shutoff Valve
Engine Bleed Valve
Engine Lip Anti-Ice Valve
Fuel Shutoff Valve
How does the Baggage Fire suppression system work?
One is a High Rate Discharge
Other is a metering over 50 minutes
How much fuel is burned during 2 engine taxi?
20LB per minute
How much fuel is burned during single engine taxi?
12LB per minute
How much fuel is burned during first hour of flight?
54LB per minute
How much fuel is burned during second hour of flight?
42LB per minute
How much fuel is used during a hold?
42LB per minute
How do you figure out how long you can hold for?
Fuel burn from PPOS to DEST + Divert Fuel = Leave hold fuel
How do you figure out how much fuel you can hold for?
FOB-Leave hold fuel = Fuel available for landing
How do you figure out holding time?
Fuel available for holding/42 LBS = Holding time in mins
What must be done to fuel the aircraft with passengers on board?
Crewmember at main door in reach of fire extinguisher
Seatbelt sign OFF
Fuel truck may not block access to exits
Can we land if braking action is reported as NIL?
No
What is the lowest landing RVR?
1800
What is the lowest landing visibility?
1/2sm
When is 15% additional runway required?
Visibility 3/4sm
4000 RVR
Crosswind Limitation for wet and dry?
30kts
Crosswind limitation for compacted snow?
25kts
Crosswind limitation for standing water/slush?
20kts
Crosswind limitation for ice
10kts
When is single engine taxi not allowed?
ENG ANTI-ICE required
Ramp/Taxi surface slippery or wet
15% of taxi way is contaminated
Any electric hydraulic pump inop
When can you single engine taxi in bad conditions?
If a crossbleed start is required
When is ALT T/O-1 not premitted
Contaminated runway
Windshear
Anti-Skid Inop
Slippery
Performance TLR
Flaps 18
When is takeoff not authorized during winter ops?
Heavy Ice, Hail 1/4, Heavy Snow
What are the MEL categories?
A: As specified
B: 3 days
C: 10 days
D: 120 days
When do low visibility procedures take place?
1200 RVR or 1/2sm
What is required during low visibility operations?
Takeoff alternate
No single engine taxi
Checklist only when stopped
SMIG charts
When is an amended release required?
WX at ALT drops below minimums
Aircraft/PIC change
Unplanned diversion
MEL or new deferred
New altitude burn numbers
Aborted T/O
ATC Reroute
Return to Gate
What is required from dispatch for amended release?
Statement
Time
Amendment numbers
Initials
What is Marginal weather?
Weather at destination and alternate are within 100 and or 1/2sm visibility
What is the purpose of 17347?
Relief from conditional language in the TAF only if the main body of the TAF:
DEST: VIS only with 50% of PIC landing mins
1st ALT: Ceiling and VIS within 50%
2nd ALT: Ceiling and VIS within 100%
17347 procedures?
2 alternates listed on release
PIC contact dispatch for weather update
Must be in remarks
CA may not be on high mins
What compromises green on green?
Both captain and FO have less than 75 hours in type
What must be done while on High Mins
Add 100 and 1/2sm to minimums
Not allowed to use 17347
When may the SIC not land
Within 100 hours
Special Airports
Special considerations
Runway wet/contaminated
Runway braking less than good
Crosswind greater than 15kts
Windshear
Visibility 3/4
RVR less than 4000
Standard Engine failure procedure
No turns below 1000 feet AFE
Standard Simple-Special Engine Failure procedure
Turn with ‘VIA’ can start at 50 feet AFE
Abnormal FRA
Turns may be below 1000 AFE
Required in VMC up to 1000 AFE
Required in IMC up to 3000 AFE
When is a Takeoff Alternate required?
When departure airport is below PIC landing minimums
Takeoff Alternate Requirments
Cant be longer than 1 hour in normal cruise
May not exceed 280nm
Based on MATOW, FL150, ISA +20, Engine bleeds on, Anti-Ice on
Where does the APU receive fuel?
Tank 2
What controls starting and normal operation of APU?
Its own FADEC
What does turning the APU knob to ‘ON’ do?
Energizes FADEC
Opens fuel shutoff valve in the belly of the plane
BIT test
APU cool down after first start attempt?
1 minute
APU cool down after second start attempt?
1 minute
APU cool down after third start attempt?
30 minutes
What are the 5 system pages on the MFD?
Fuel
Electrical
Environmental and Ice protection
Hydraulic and Brakes
Takeoff (doors)
What causes the takeoff test to sound?
Parking Brake
Ground Spoilers
Flaps not in takeoff
Trim out of green
When a cold airplane batteries are turned to AUTO, what happens?
Contactors 1 and 2 close, all buses are energized besides the SHED
On the ground, when are all the buses energized?
3 or more generators
GPU powering the aircraft
1 generator and SHED bus OVRD
Why is BATT 2 used to start APU?
BC 1 opens allowing sensitive elements to be protected
What critical items are on the HOT BUS?
Engine Fire Bottles
What happens if a fault occurs in the elecrtical system?
If an overcurrent is detected, the GCU isolates the system
What does the AC inverter provide function for?
GPWS
TCAS
Windshear
How do you know when a fire bottle has been used?
EICAS FIRE BOTTLE INOP
Are the ground spoilers inboard or outboard on the wing?
Inboard
When do the ground spoilers actuate?
Airplane on ground
Wheel speeds 25kts or greater
TLA 30º or less
When do the speed brakes open?
Speed brake to OPEN
Thrust lever below 50º
Flaps 0 - 9 degrees
What is the travel limit for the rudder?
+/- 15º
What provides high pressure fuel to the engines?
The FPMU
What is the purpose of the FPMU?
Provides high pressure fuel to the engines and to the CVG
When does the E1(2) FUEL LO PRESS EICAS occur?
Fuel pressure has dropped below 6.5 PSI
What are the LAHSO requirements?
Atleast 6000 feet
Dry Runway
Flaps 45
No tailwind
No windshear reports within 20 minutes
ILS or PAPI/VASI
What are the Special Airport considerations?
PIC uses pictoral means
1000 feet above lowest MEA or MOCA and visibility 3sm
Minimum Hydraulic Fluid for dispatch?
1 Liter
What is the purpose of the Hydraulic pumps in AUTO?
In Auto, they turn on when the hydraulic pressure drops below 1600 PSI or N2 drops below 56.4
How are the main Hydraulic pumps driven?
N2 via towershaft on the accessory gearbox
When is the pneumatic anti-icing system enabled?
Wheel speeds greater than 25kts
What are the surfaces pneumatically heated?
Engine Nacelle
Wing Leading edges
Horizontal stab leading edges
Where does the Anti-Ice bleed air come from for the horizontal stab?
Bleed system 1
What is the indication of increasing windshear?
Amber
What is the indication of decreasing windshear?
Red
What is the windshear escape procedure?
Max Thrust
Disengage autopilot/Press TOGA
Pitch up
Maintain configuration
What is the purpose of the TBCH
Tuning NAV and COM 2 incase RMU fail
How does a pilot know if the RMU is cross tuned?
Yellow
How much time is left if EICAS ‘OXYGEN LO PRES’ Is present?
12 minutes
Minimum oxygen for crew for dispatch?
1500 PSI
When can turns be made before 1000 feet?
Special Departure Procedure
SID
Weather is 1000 and 3
ATC vectors after radar contact
Are landing penalties cumlative?
Yes
What is factored landing distance?
Land within 60% of favorable runway and in favorable direction. If not an alternate is needed.
What are the 3 possible sources for bleed air?
Engines
APU
Ground Source
What systems use bleed air?
Engine Start
Pressurization
Air conditioning
Anti Ice
What are the 3 sources for Engine Start?
APU
Cross Bleed
Ground source
What is the most perferred source for engine start?
APU
What is FUEL/TO?
Fuel uploaded at departure
What does BURN fuel include?
Departure to destination
Takeoff, cruise, descent, approach +10nm for vectors
What does ALT BURN fuel include?
Overhead destination to furthest alternate
Takeoff, cruise, descent, missed +5nm for vectors
What does EXTRA FUEL include?
Fuel/to - taxi - min/to
What does RESRV fuel include?
Fuel burn at 45 minutes at normal consumption
1800Lbs or 2298Lbs an hour
What does MIN/TO fuel include?
Fuel which must be onboard prior to becoming airborne
Burn, Hold, Alt, Reserve, Missed
What does Divert fuel include?
Overhead destination to furthest alternate
Plus 45 minute fuel burn
ALT BURN+RESERVE
What is Final Divert Fuel?
Overhead destination to furthest alternate
Plus 30 minute fuel burn (1206Lb).
ALT BURN+30 Minute
What is Emergency Fuel?
Landing at destination or alternate with less than 30 minutes of reserve fuel
Gives priority
What is Minimum Fuel?
Aircraft can accept little to no delay
What is the Cargo Floor Limit?
88 Bags
2646Lbs
When is a runway considered wet?
25% of runway is covered with visible dampness of 1/8th of water
When is a runway contaminated?
25% of runway is covered frost, slush, ice with 1/8th inch
What is balanced field?
Accelerate stop = Accelerate go
Accelerate to V1 and stop or continue to V2 and cross 35AGL end of runway
What is unbalanced field?
Accelerate stop does not equal accelerate go
Stopway to use accelerate stop or clearway for accelerate go
What is a clearway?
Departure end is 500feet wide, and 1/2 of runway length clear of obstacles
What is a stopway?
As wide as runway
Blast pad/EMS
What is the Demonstrated (unfactored) landing distance?
Advisory Only - Safety Margins have not been met
Test Pilot numbers
What is Factored Landing Distance?
Planning Purposes Only
60% Dry
115% Wet
What is the minimum Landing Distance?
Used by pilots
What is Method 1 Driftdown?
Starts at V1 ends at Destination
5sm either side of route 1000 foot clearance
When is an Alternate Required?
123 Rule
17347
Method 2 Driftdown
Low Vis 3/4sm or 4000 RVR
60/60 rule
Supplemental
Takeoff
Uncontrolled
PIC Discretion
International
Delays
Braking
Marginal
Wind