Option E Chapter 2 Flashcards
explain the interdependence of primary and secondary tourist resources
Primary resources = natural features that originally attracted visitors to the area - normally would include beaches, mountains, rivers etc.
In order for area to become successful in terms of tourism it must provide secondary resources or manmade facilities too (basic provision of parking and toilets might be expanded to include hotels, entertainment, restaurants and other attractions)
At the same time, the natural primary resources must
be protected and conserved to ensure the sustainability of the tourist industry.
explain how and why the sphere of influence of different sporting facilities varies
Sporting facilities have a sphere of influence which they depend in order to survive economically. The sphere of influence is the catchment area around the facility, which provides custom. A large facility such as a stadium is expensive to run and therefore must attract a large number of supporters to get an adequate income. Its sphere of influence is likely to be regional and possibly national. A small sporting facility, such as a local swimming pool, does not have the same overheads and in order to survive it needs to draw from a much smaller area. Its sphere of influence is therefore much smaller.
explain the term “range” in the context of sporting activities
The range is the distance that people are prepared to travel to use a particular sporting facility.
- small playground –> short range about 1 km –> ppl not prepared to travel to use playground.
- sports facility offering variety of indoor + outdoor activities might have a range up to 10 km.
- top-level sports complex and athletic stadium will serve a large population drawn from an even greater distance. - ppl will be prepared to travel to use superior facilities and at the same time the sporting complex depends upon their support for economic survival
why do tourist hotspots develop
Hot spots may be urban or rural, and both are areas of intense tourist activity.
* Landscape – mountains (Nepal), biodiversity (Amazon), hot deserts (Grand Canyon).
* Climate – hot and dry climates are preferred and tourism is often seasonal where climate changes over the year.
* Culture – language, customs (Oxford), ancient artifacts and indigenous populations (Namibia).
* Sporting events – World Cup (Rio 2014) Olympic Games (London 2012).
Gov investment and planning, such as creation of new resorts, improved infrastructure and new attractions, may also be influential.
describe the distribution of hotels in a model urban area
Hotels = secondary tourist resources and their theoretical location depends upon the type of customer they attract. Large international hotels occupy prime sites close to the CBD with sea views and tourist attractions nearby (restaurants and entertainment).
Their overheads would be very high because of high land values. Consequently, they offer high-order facilities and services at a high cost. Away from the tourist business district smaller guest-houses with limited facilities are likely to attract regional or national custom and their overheads will be much lower. Some hotels take advantage of semi-rural locations, which are more accessible and cheaper land values allow them to occupy a large site and to provide a range of superior facilities, such as a golf course or a spa.
explain why Oxford has become a tourist hotspot
Oxford has become a tourist hot spot and will remain so because:
* its historical features are perpetual
* the growing popularity of heritage tourism
* it provides a unique tourist experience
* Oxford is accessible by public transport
* Oxford is in a central location in the UK and therefore part of the international tourist circuit.
explain the purpose of a buffer zone around a national park
To reduce or eliminate human activities in that area which might impact upon the central district of the park where most of the environment needs protection.
There will be restrictions
on resource use in the buffer zone in order to enhance the conservation value of the protected area in the national park. Such a zone exists in Killarney National Park, Northern Ireland.
compare leisure facilities likely to be found in the centre of a city and those likely to be found on the edge of a city
Cities = large sphere of influence and offer a range of recreational facilities to suit local people and also those drawn in from a much larger area.
Tourists concentrate in city centres where it is possible to find a tourist business district (TBD) and the associated attractions which would be too expensive for most locals to use regularly.
The provision of leisure facilities conforms to the socio-economic status of residents. Moving out from the centre you would expect to find lower-order services, such as red light districts and playgrounds for local children. Towards the edge of the city, land is much cheaper and leisure facilities such as large stadia are found here. In the UK this rural/urban zone attracts other leisure activities such as “pick- your-own”, garden centres and golf courses.
sphere of influence
the area from which a facility or an attraction draws its support
comment on the main methods used by the Oxford Tourism Strategy
It intends to:
* provide a larger coach park and enforce on- street parking regulations
* increase use of public transport and park-and- ride
* encourage walking tours, registered sightseeing buses and cycles
* encourage visits to lesser-known attractions by providing on street information
* liaise with language schools to prevent the conflict between themselves and the general public due to the street congestion they cause
* increase the number of off-season visitors
* reinvest the money generated through tourism and therefore make it sustainable.
