Option Flashcards

1
Q

Energy Degradation

A

Energy transfer from more concentration to less concentration

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2
Q

Useful energy sources

A

Release energy at a reasonable rate
Produce minimal pollution

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3
Q

Energy density formula

A

Energy released from fuel / volume of fuel consumed

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4
Q

Specific energy formula

A

Energy released from fuel / mass of fuel consumed

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5
Q

Problem with hydrogen and a fuel

A

The storage of a large volume of highly flammable gas. Solution is too store the hydrogen under pressure but this requires fuel tanks to be made out of thicker material that is heavier and expensive

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6
Q

Describe fossil fuels

A

-coal
- oil
- natural gas

There are burned and the heat used to produce steam, which turns a turbine, which turns a generator to produce electricity

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7
Q

Describe nuclear fission

A

A nuclear reaction, in which uranium is bombarded with neutrons produce heat. The heat can be used to generate steam to turn a turbine, which turns a generator to produce electricity

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8
Q

Describe Electrochemical cells

A

Batteries are portable sources of energy. A redox reaction generates electricity

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9
Q

Describe solar energy

A

A huge amount of solar energy reaches each. It from it only a small fraction will be used. Photovoltaic cells convert energy from the sun to electrical energy

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10
Q

Describe wind energy

A

Wind is used to turn a turbine to generate electricity

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11
Q

Describe hydroelectric energy

A

Rivers are dammed and water flows from a higher to lower level through a turbine . This process changes the potential energy. The turbine is connected to a generator

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12
Q

Describe tidal energy

A

Use the rising and falling rides to turn a turbine

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13
Q

Describe geothermal energy

A

Uses her from rocks underground, either hit water from underground is used directly or water is pumped down to generate steam that is used to turn a turbine

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14
Q

Describe biomass energy a

A

Energy from plants, derived from from growing trees and burning them or by growing sugar cane and fermenting the sugar to produce ethanol (used as a fuel additive)

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15
Q

Describe nuclear Fusion

A

Potentially an unlimited supply of energy through the process of joining hydrogen nuclei together with the release of a large amount of energy

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16
Q

Nuclear fusion vs fission

A

Fusion is renewable
Fission is mono renewable

17
Q

Why is crude oil one of the worlds. Our significant energy sources

A

It’s cheap, well established tech, high enthalpy of combustion

18
Q

Formula for thermal efficiency

A

Temp of steam at source - temp at sink / temp of steam at source

CALC IN KELVIN

19
Q

How is fossil fuel formed

A

Formed by the reduction of biological compounds. The oxidation number of carbon changes depending on the derivative of the fossil fuel.

20
Q

How is coal formed

A

Remains of plants and trees

21
Q

How is crude oil firmed

A

Formed from marine organisms

22
Q

Natural gas formed

A

Formed by marine organisms