Optics

Question 1

What is light and electromagnetic waves

Answer 1

Light is the only form of energy that can travel like a wave through empty spaces and some materials. Light behaves like a special kind of wave called an electromagnetic wave. Electromagnetic waves are like water waves that involve the movement of one place to another. They do not need particles to travel. Electromagnetic waves can travel through some vacuums such as space at the speed of light which (3.00x10*)

Question 2

What is the crest

Answer 2

Crest is the highest point of the wave

Question 3

trough

Answer 3

The lowest point of the wave

Question 4

Resting position

Answer 4

Is when there is no waves.

Question 5

Wavelength

Answer 5

The distance between one point of the wave to a smiliar place on the wave. It is measured in nanometers and repesented in Lambda.

Question 6

Amplitude

Answer 6

Is the waves height from the resting position to the crest of the wave or the depth of the resting position to the trough. The intensity of the wave depends on the amplitude. Having shorter waves means more energy trasnffered.

Question 7

Frequency

Answer 7

The rate of repetition in a wave. The energy of a wave depends on the frequency.

Question 8

Light and its properties

Answer 8

Light is an electromangetic wave that is transmitted through radiation. So, this means that it does not need a medium to be transmitted. Visibel light is the light that humans can see.

Question 9

Types of Electromagnetic waves

Answer 9

• Gramma rays
• x rays
• Radio waves
• Microwaves
• Infrared light
• Visible light
• Ultraviolet light.

Question 10

Uses Radio waves

Answer 10

• Fm/am radio
  -Cellphone communications
  -Radar
• Astronomy (discover pulsars)
• tv signals

Question 11

Microwaves

Answer 11

• Telecommunication
• Microwave ovens
• Astronomy (discover addition radiation that was associated with the big bang)

Question 12

Infrared light

Answer 12

• Physiotherapy
• Remote controls
• Lasers
• heat detection

Question 13

Visible light

Answer 13

• light that is visible to the human eyes
• Rainbows
• Theater/concert light
• visible lasers
• Astronomy (optical telescopes)

Question 14

Ultraviolet rays

Answer 14

• Increase the chances of getting skin cancer
• Causes sunburn and tan
• Sterilization
• Ultraviolet rays
• “Black light”
• Increases production of Vitamin D
• Astronomy

Question 15

X- rays

Answer 15

• Cancer treatments
• Security imaging
• Medical imaging
• Astronomy study of black holes and the middle of space.

Question 16

Gramma Rays

Answer 16

• Cancer treatment
• Astronomy
• Production of nuclear decay

Question 17

Incandenscence

Answer 17

• When light is emmited by a rise in temperature and then glows

Question 18

Electrical discharge

Answer 18

ligth is emmited when a electric current passes through air or another gas

Question 19

Fluorescence

Answer 19

Light is emmited when exposed to electromagnic radiation. The electrons collide with te gas producing ultraviolet ligth

Question 20

Phosphourences

Answer 20

the light is stored and then emmited over a long period of time

Question 21

Chemiliumineses

Answer 21

• When loght is produced in a chemical reaction withou the rise in temperature

Question 22

Bioluminescence

Answer 22

Light is produced by a plant or animal

Question 23

Triboluminescences

Answer 23

when light is produced by friction, the breaking of chemical bonda when somghing is ripped pulled or strecheted apart

Question 23

LED

Answer 23

Semiconductor device, which emit light when an electric current is passed through.

Question 24

What is Luminescences

Answer 24

Emmision of light by a substances by anything other then rise in temperature.

Question 25

Cornea

Answer 25

The outer surface of the eye where light enters

Question 26

Pupil

Answer 26

A dark circular opening which allows the light to enter the eye

Question 27

Iris

Answer 27

• The colored of the eye
• Composed of ciliuar band of mucles that form the pupil

Question 28

Retina

Answer 28

The inner lining at the back of the eye that acts as a projection screen for the ligth entering yours eyes. It sends a message to the optic nerve and creates a imagine in you brain

Question 29

What happens when the ciliary muscles contract

Answer 29

The lens becomes more thicker and more spherical and then the focal length decreases allowing the eye to see nearby object more clear

Question 30

What happens when the ciliary muscles relax

Answer 30

Teh lesns becomes more thinner and flat which increases the focal length and allows the eye to see distant objects more clearly

Question 31

Two types of photoreceptor cells

Answer 31

• Rod cells
• Cone cells

Question 32

Rod cells

Answer 32

-Can detect movement and shape in low lught but cannot detect color.
- Only see shades of grey
- These cells are located in the side regions of the retina

Question 33

Cone cells

Answer 33

• Can dectect colour
• Humans have three types that are sensitive to the colors red, blue, and green
  -Found in the center of the retina

Question 34

Blindspot?

Answer 34

A place on the retina which has no photoreceptors and cannot detect light.

Question 35

Hyperopia

Answer 35

Far sighed
Image forms behind retina
eyeball is too short
cure is converging lens

Question 36

Myopia

Answer 36

Near sighted
Image forms infront of the retina
eteball is too long
cure is diverging lens

Question 37

Astigmatism

Answer 37

The cornea is a irreguular shape so cant form image on retina
Cure: torodial lens with two focal point

Question 38

Presbyopia

Answer 38

Condition appers in everyone as you get older
- The lens hardens and becomes less flexible. and the ciliary muscles become weaker
- less able to see near distances
- Converging lens is cure