Cell specialization & cancer Flashcards
what is cell differentiation
- The cells are specialized
All cells in the body are originated from the zygote and undergo mitosis - When embryo develops cells change shape, content, and function
Three causes of specialization
- Cytoplasm difference
- an unequal distribution of organelles or factors of zygote
- this results in different daughter cells - Environmental conditions
- Variations in temperature and nutrients - Neighboring cells
- A substance is produced by a nearby cell and can diffuse in a nearby cell
What is abnormal development
Chemical contamination in the environment can effect cellular development.
What are stem cells
These cells can differentiate into many cell types
The daughter has the same DNA but different genes
Three types of stem cells
Embryonic stem cells - 5 to 7 days embryos and they can differentiate into any cell type
Adult stem cells - Exists tissues but can only form specific cell types, Eg: neurals
What is a tissue
A collection of similar cells that perform a specific function
4 types of tissues
epithelial - lines the internal and external surfaces of our body. Forming a barrier by connection adjoining cell membranes.
Muscular - Move the body by contracting and relaxing
Connective - protects and supports other tissues in our body
Nervous - Made of neurons that have long projecting single that sends and receives messages. Cordinates our body
What is Cancer
Explain your answer
3 types of tumors
- begnin - Non cancerous dont spread
Maglinant - Cancerous and have the potential to spread throught the body
Metastatic - Travelled and grown in other areas
Why are old people more likely to get cancer compared to younger people
explain your answer
Treatment options
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Surgery
