Optic And Otic Medications Flashcards
What are 1st line beta blockers for glaucoma and how do they work?
timolol, betaxolol
Decrease production of aqueous humor
What are the 1st line alpha-2 agonist used for glaucoma and how do they work?
Brimonidine, apraclonidine
decrease production of aqueous humor and increase outflow
What are the 1st line prostaglandins for glaucoma and how do they work?
imatoprost
travoprost
latanoprost
elaxes ciliary muscles to increase outflow
of aqueous humor
What are the cholinergic and cholinesterase inhibitor drugs for glaucoma and how do they work?
Cholinergic- pilocarpine
Cholinesterase inhibitor- physostigmine,
carbachol
Miosis will open up trabecular meshwork, facilitating aqueous outflow
What is is macular degeneration (MD) and what treats it?
Damage to the retina’s center, which is responsible for clarity of vision, leads to central blindness over time.
Antioxidants
What is Meniere’s Disease and what treats it?
Inner ear disorder that results in extreme vertigo and loss of balance that can progress to nausea, vomiting, or even severe vomiting.
meclizine
What is mannitol used for?
IV emergency use for closed angle glaucoma and pre-op eye surgery
What is Fluorescein used for?
diagnostic dye applied to eye and then used under light to see damage
How do you treat Otis media?
Antibiotics for microorganism to treat underlying cause
Steroids for inflammation
What are the nursing considerations for eye drops?
-Make sure med is for eyes
-Wash hands and keep dropper sterile (don’t touch eye)
-one at a time separated by several minutes
- DOE technique ( don’t open eyes)
What is the difference between administering ear drops to adults vs. children?
Adults- pinna up and back
Kids- pinna down and back
What are the nursing considerations for ear drops?
- Make sure the tympanic membrane is intact before instilling drops
- Administer drops slightly warm as cool drops can cause dizziness
- Have patient lay on opposite side for 5 min
