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Surgery > Opthalmology > Flashcards

Opthalmology Flashcards

Dx and tx

1
Q

Conjunctiva begins to grow onto cornea
Blurred vision
Eye irritation-Itching, burning
growth appears swollen and red

A

Pterygium

Eyedrops and refer opthalmologist

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2
Q

Acute localized infection or inflammation of eyelid margin to hair follicles of eyelash or meibomian glands (internal and rare).

Dx, tx MC infection?

A

Hordeolum
vast majority resolves spontaneously

staph

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3
Q

Lower eyelid inward

A

Entropion

artificial tears

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4
Q

Lower eyelid outward exposing palpebral conjunctiva

A

Ectropion

Artificial tears

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5
Q

Depression (sad) after getting artificial tears. why? tx:

A

They’re very depressed b/c they can’t see due to this film on their eye.
Then you get wipe it off and they’re ☺

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6
Q

Inflammation of eyelids (lid margins).

A

Blepharitis

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7
Q

Dandruff/skin flaking on face and scalp can cause:

A

Seborrheic blepharitis

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8
Q

Blepharitis is apparently associated iwth:

A

Parkinson’s Disease

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9
Q

Posterior Blepharitis is associated with:

A

Acne Rosacea

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10
Q

Hard non-tender swelling
Painless, present for weeks to months
Conjunctiva red and elevated near lesion
May distort vision if near cornea

A

Chalazion

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11
Q

Ipsilateral preauricular lymphadenopathy.

A

Viral Conjunctivitis

Sulfonamide drops to prevent secondary bacterial infection

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12
Q

Copious purulent discharge from both eyes (yellow/green)
Mild discomfort/sticky eyes
Complications: corneal ulcer (very painful, affects vision)

A

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Fluoroquinolones

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13
Q

neonatal conjunctivitis organism:

A

Chlamydia/Gonococcal

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14
Q

Giemsa stain shows polymorphonuclear leukocytes

A

Chlamydial/GonococcalConjunctivitis

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15
Q

Nasolacrimal obstruction leading to sac infection. Kid’s got a bump by his tear duct.

A

Dacryocystitis

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16
Q

Child is being treated for dacrocystiis w/ antibiotics. After 2 weeks therapy, no change in condition

A

Consider fungal infection

add antifungal med

17
Q

Kid comes in w/ unilateral periorbial cellulitis. *It is ___ until proven otherwise

A

a foreign body until proven otherwise! He found GI joe’s hand grenade, and decided this would look really good shoved up my left nostril. Leads to redness around the eye.

18
Q

conjunctival injection. eom nontender

A

Periorbital cellulitis

19
Q

tenderness with EOM, no redness.

A

Orbital cellulitis

20
Q

dx corneal abrasion

A

fluorescein dye shows dendritic lesions (means herpes, can’t do steroids)

21
Q

Dx of blow out fracture

A

CT scan of facial bones

22
Q

When you see Hyphema - always think of a __

A

Globe Rupture.

23
Q

Circumcorneal injection (redness around cornea): ciliary flush
Moderate deep aching pain/photophobia
Blurred vision
Small irregular non reactive pupil

A

Iritis

24
Q 
Unilateral acute visual loss
Improves in 2-3 weeks
Pain with eye movement
Color vision loss
Marcus gunn pupil

associated with:?

A

Optic Neuritis

*associated with MS. refer to opth!

25
Q

Leading cause of blindness in adults in USA

A

Diabetic retinopathy

26
Q

Visual loss
Floaters/flashing lights as initial symptoms
Retinal tear on fundoscopic exam

A

Retinal detachment

27
Q 
PAINLESS loss of vision. 
Cherry red spot on fovea
Swelling of the retina
Optic nerve is pale 
Cotton wool spots to area affected
A

Retinal artery occlusion

28
Q

Asymptomatic until late
Slow progressive peripheral field visual loss
Increased cup: disc ratio

A

Open-Angle Glaucoma

29
Q 
Ocular pain/decreased vision
Halos around lights
Conjunctiva injected/cornea cloudy
Pupil mid-dilated 
N/V
Visual field defects/ enlarged optic disk with pallor
A

Angle Closure Glaucoma

30
Q

Cannot align both eyes simultaneously.
Specific to weakness of extraocular muscles.
Deviation varies depending on the direction of gaze

A

Paralytic Strabismus

31
Q

Cannot align both eyes simultaneously.
Short length or improper insertion of extraocular muscles.
Deviation is constant in all directions of gaze.

A

Non paralytic Strabismus

Surgery (9 decks)

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