OPS Flashcards
CATCC
CARRIER AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTER
METOC
METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
CDC
COMBAT DIRECTION CENTER
CVIC
CARRIER INTELLIGENCE CENTER
WHAT WORK CENTERS MAKEUP CATCC?
CARRIER CONTROLLED APPROACH (CCA) AND AIR OPS
WHAT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE AIR OPS WORK CENTER?
COORDINATING ALL MATTERS PERTAINING TO AIR OPS INCLUDING THE PROPER OPERATION OF OF THE CATCC.
WHAT POSITIONS ARE MANNED IN AIR OPS DURING FLIGHT OPS?
AIR OPS OFFICER ASSISTANT AIR OPS OFFICER AIR OPS SUPERVISOR LAND/LAUNCH RECORD KEEPER PLOTTER
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE AIR OPS OFFICER?
RESPONSIBLE TO OPS OFFICER FOR COORDINATING ALL MATTERS PERTAINING TO FLIGHT OPERATIONS ,CATCC, AND SHALL DETERMINE TYPE OF APPROACH AND REQUIRED DEGREE OF CONTROL.
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE AIR OPS SUPERVISOR?
ENSURES CORRECT DISPLAY OF ALL INFORMATION IN AIR OPS AND TO COORDINATE AS NECESSARY ALL BINGO/ DIVERT AIRCRAFT WITH THE APPROPRIATE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AUTHORITIES AND SHIPBOARD ENTITIES.
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE LAUNCH/LAND RECORD KEEPER?
UPDATES THE ISIS
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE PLOTTER?
UPDATES NEAR LAND AND DIVERT FIELD BEARING AND DISTANCE, DISPLAYING THE WEATHER FOT THE SHIP AND DIVERT FIELDS, AND SUBMITS A PRE LAUNCH BRIEF 2.5 HOURS PRIOR TO EACH RECOVERY.
WHAT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CCA WORK CENTER?
RESPONSIBLE FOR OPERATIONAL CONTROL OF AIRCRAFT DEPARTING THE SHIP AND RECOVERY OF INBOUND AIRCRAFT AFTER A MISSION.
WHAT STATIONS ARE MANNED IN CCA DURING FLIGHT OPS?
DEPARTURE CONTROL
MARSHAL CONTROL
APPROACH CONTROL
FINAL CONTROL
DEPARTURE CONTROL
CONTROLS DEPARTING AIRCRAFT DURING CASE 1,2,AND 3. ALSO RESPONSIBLE FOR MONITORING LOCATION AND PACKAGE STATUS OF TANKER AIRCRAFT.
MARSHAL CONTROL
CONTROLS INBOUND AIRCRAFT DURING CASE 1,2,AND 3. CONTROL PROVIDED BETWEEN INITIAL PILOT CONTACT AND TRANSFER TO PRI FLY FOR CASE 1, OR APPROACH CONTROL DURING CASE 2 AND 3.
MARSHAL STACK
BEGINS AT 21 NM OUT AND 6000 FT ALTITUDE.
APPROACH CONTROL
CONTROLS AIRCRAFT ON APPROACH DURING CASE 2 AND 3. MAINTAINS APPROPRIATE INTERVAL BETWEEN AIRCRAFT AND ENSURES FIRST AIRCRAFT MAKES THE RAMP TIME.
FINAL CONTROL
CONTROLS AIRCRAFT ON FINAL APPROACH DURING CASE 3 UNTIL TRANSFER TO LSO OR THE AIRCRAFT REACHES 3/4 MILE.
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF METOC?
COLLECTS,INTERPRETS, AND DISSEMINATES WEATHER INFORMATION.MAINTAINS CONSTANT CONTACT WITH CATCC DUE TO IMPACT OF WEATHER ON FLIGHT OPS.
CASE 1
CEILING AND VISIBILITY NO LOWER THAN 3000 FT AND 5 NM RESPECTIVELY
CASE 2
CEILING 1000-3000 AND VISIBILITY 5 NM
CASE 3
CEILING BELOW 1000 NM AND VISIBILITY 5 NM. OR A NIGHTIME DEPARTURE OR RECOVERY(30 MIN AFTER SUNSET OR 30 MIN BEFORE SUNRISE.
CDC
COMBAT DIRECTION CENTER. KEEPS CO AWARE OF TACTICAL SITUATION AND RECOMMEND COURSES OF ACTION BY COLLECTING, PROCESSING, DISPLAYING AND EVALUATING TACTICAL INFORMATION IN A TIMELY MANNER.
STRIKE OPS
COORDINATES WITH WARFARE COMMANDERS , AIR OPS, CDC, AND AIR DEPARTMENT TO ENSURE SORTIES ARE SUCCESSFUL. DETERMINES WHAT ORDNANCE WILL BE USED IN SORTIES.
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF CVIC?
SUPPLIES THE CO,EMBARKED STAFFS, AND AIR WING WITH TACTICAL INFORMATION.
WHAT DIVISIONS MAKEUP CVIC?
- OZ(DAY TO DAY OP OF CVIC AND SUPPLOT SPACES. INTELLIGENCE SPECIALISTS IS’S, ET’S, AND INTERIOR COMMS SPECIALISTS.IC’S)
- OS( COMMUNICATION: CRYPTOLOGIC SPECIALISTS CT’S)
- OP(PHOTOGRAPHY)
TARPS
TACTICAL AIRBORNE RECONNAISSANCE POD SYSTEM
AN/SPN 41
BULLSEYE. MEASURES AZIMUTH AND ELEVATION OF APPROACHING AIRCRAFT, AND RELAYS TO AIRCRAFT TO TELL PILOT INDICATION OF WHERE THE AIRCRAFT IS IN RELATION TO THE PROPER GLIDE SLOPE TO LAND.
AN/SPN 46
PRECISION APPROACH LANDING SYSTEM(PALS) OR EASY RIDER. ALLOWS PILOTS TO USE INSTRUMENT APPROACH UNDER EITHER MANUAL OR AUTOMATIC CONTROL.PROVIDES CONTINUOUS AZIMUTH AND ELEVATION TO AIRCRAFT AND SHIPBOARD CONTROLLERS.
METOC
METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
CDC
COMBAT DIRECTION CENTER
CVIC
CARRIER INTELLIGENCE CENTER
WHAT WORK CENTERS MAKEUP CATCC?
CARRIER CONTROLLED APPROACH (CCA) AND AIR OPS
WHAT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE AIR OPS WORK CENTER?
COORDINATING ALL MATTERS PERTAINING TO AIR OPS INCLUDING THE PROPER OPERATION OF OF THE CATCC.
WHAT POSITIONS ARE MANNED IN AIR OPS DURING FLIGHT OPS?
AIR OPS OFFICER ASSISTANT AIR OPS OFFICER AIR OPS SUPERVISOR LAND/LAUNCH RECORD KEEPER PLOTTER
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE AIR OPS OFFICER?
RESPONSIBLE TO OPS OFFICER FOR COORDINATING ALL MATTERS PERTAINING TO FLIGHT OPERATIONS ,CATCC, AND SHALL DETERMINE TYPE OF APPROACH AND REQUIRED DEGREE OF CONTROL.
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE AIR OPS SUPERVISOR?
ENSURES CORRECT DISPLAY OF ALL INFORMATION IN AIR OPS AND TO COORDINATE AS NECESSARY ALL BINGO/ DIVERT AIRCRAFT WITH THE APPROPRIATE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AUTHORITIES AND SHIPBOARD ENTITIES.
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE LAUNCH/LAND RECORD KEEPER?
UPDATES THE ISIS
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE PLOTTER?
UPDATES NEAR LAND AND DIVERT FIELD BEARING AND DISTANCE, DISPLAYING THE WEATHER FOT THE SHIP AND DIVERT FIELDS, AND SUBMITS A PRE LAUNCH BRIEF 2.5 HOURS PRIOR TO EACH RECOVERY.
WHAT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CCA WORK CENTER?
RESPONSIBLE FOR OPERATIONAL CONTROL OF AIRCRAFT DEPARTING THE SHIP AND RECOVERY OF INBOUND AIRCRAFT AFTER A MISSION.
WHAT STATIONS ARE MANNED IN CCA DURING FLIGHT OPS?
DEPARTURE CONTROL
MARSHAL CONTROL
APPROACH CONTROL
FINAL CONTROL
DEPARTURE CONTROL
CONTROLS DEPARTING AIRCRAFT DURING CASE 1,2,AND 3. ALSO RESPONSIBLE FOR MONITORING LOCATION AND PACKAGE STATUS OF TANKER AIRCRAFT.
MARSHAL CONTROL
CONTROLS INBOUND AIRCRAFT DURING CASE 1,2,AND 3. CONTROL PROVIDED BETWEEN INITIAL PILOT CONTACT AND TRANSFER TO PRI FLY FOR CASE 1, OR APPROACH CONTROL DURING CASE 2 AND 3.
MARSHAL STACK
BEGINS AT 21 NM OUT AND 6000 FT ALTITUDE.
APPROACH CONTROL
CONTROLS AIRCRAFT ON APPROACH DURING CASE 2 AND 3. MAINTAINS APPROPRIATE INTERVAL BETWEEN AIRCRAFT AND ENSURES FIRST AIRCRAFT MAKES THE RAMP TIME.
FINAL CONTROL
CONTROLS AIRCRAFT ON FINAL APPROACH DURING CASE 3 UNTIL TRANSFER TO LSO OR THE AIRCRAFT REACHES 3/4 MILE.
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF METOC?
COLLECTS,INTERPRETS, AND DISSEMINATES WEATHER INFORMATION.MAINTAINS CONSTANT CONTACT WITH CATCC DUE TO IMPACT OF WEATHER ON FLIGHT OPS.
CASE 1
CEILING AND VISIBILITY NO LOWER THAN 3000 FT AND 5 NM RESPECTIVELY
CASE 2
CEILING 1000-3000 AND VISIBILITY 5 NM
CASE 3
CEILING BELOW 1000 NM AND VISIBILITY 5 NM. OR A NIGHTIME DEPARTURE OR RECOVERY(30 MIN AFTER SUNSET OR 30 MIN BEFORE SUNRISE.
CDC
COMBAT DIRECTION CENTER. KEEPS CO AWARE OF TACTICAL SITUATION AND RECOMMEND COURSES OF ACTION BY COLLECTING, PROCESSING, DISPLAYING AND EVALUATING TACTICAL INFORMATION IN A TIMELY MANNER.
STRIKE OPS
COORDINATES WITH WARFARE COMMANDERS , AIR OPS, CDC, AND AIR DEPARTMENT TO ENSURE SORTIES ARE SUCCESSFUL. DETERMINES WHAT ORDNANCE WILL BE USED IN SORTIES.
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF CVIC?
SUPPLIES THE CO,EMBARKED STAFFS, AND AIR WING WITH TACTICAL INFORMATION.
WHAT DIVISIONS MAKEUP CVIC?
- OZ(DAY TO DAY OP OF CVIC AND SUPPLOT SPACES. INTELLIGENCE SPECIALISTS IS’S, ET’S, AND INTERIOR COMMS SPECIALISTS.IC’S)
- OS( COMMUNICATION: CRYPTOLOGIC SPECIALISTS CT’S)
- OP(PHOTOGRAPHY)
TARPS
TACTICAL AIRBORNE RECONNAISSANCE POD SYSTEM
AN/SPN 41
BULLSEYE. MEASURES AZIMUTH AND ELEVATION OF APPROACHING AIRCRAFT, AND RELAYS TO AIRCRAFT TO TELL PILOT INDICATION OF WHERE THE AIRCRAFT IS IN RELATION TO THE PROPER GLIDE SLOPE TO LAND.
AN/SPN 46
PRECISION APPROACH LANDING SYSTEM(PALS) OR EASY RIDER.
EMCON
ELECTRONIC EMISSION CONTROL. RESTRICTS USE OF RADIO TRANSMISSIONS BETWEEN PILOTS AND SHIP, AND RADAR SYSTEMS TO CONTROL AIRCRAFT. THIS IS DONE TO PREVENT ENEMY FROM DETERMINING LOCATION OF THE CARRIER.
99 TRANSMISSION
BROADCAST OF INFO TO ALL AIRCRAFT ON A PARTICULAR RADIO FREQUENCY.
AIR PLAN
SCHEDULE OF FLIGHT OPS FOR A 24 HR PERIOD
ALPHA STRIKE
TACTICAL OPERATION WHERE MAJORITY OF AIR WING PARTICIPATE IN AN INTEGRATED STRIKE AGAINST GROUND TARGETS.
ALTRV
ALTITUDE RESERVATIONS. BLOCK ALTITUDE OF AIRSPACE EXTENDING FOR A SPECIFIED DISTANCE ON EITHER SIDE OF PROPOSED FLIGHT ROUTE. USED USUALLY FOR MASS MOVEMENT OF AIRCRAFT.
ANGELS
ALTITUDE OF AIRCRAFT IN THOUSANDS OF FEET (E.G. 4K FT = ANGELS 4)
ARC
TRACK OVER GROUND OF AN AIRCRAFT FLYING AT A CONSTANT DISTANCE FROM A NAVIGATIONAL AID BY REFERENCE TO DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT.
DME
DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT
AXIAL DECK
THE PART OF THE FLIGHT DECK ORIENTED ALONG THE LONGITUDINAL AIDS OF THE CARRIER.
AZIMUTH
A MAGNETIC BEARING EXTENDING FROM AN AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION AID OR AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM.
BALL
PILOT REPORT INDICATING VISUAL LANDING AID IS IN SIGHT.
BRC
BASE RECOVERY SOURCE. SHIPS MAGNETIC HEADING DURING FLIGHT OPS.
BINGO
AN ORDER TO PROCEED TO LAND AT PROVIDED BEARING DISTANCE AND DESTINATION. USUALLY DUE TO EMERGENCY/ CRITICAL FUEL.
BREAK TIME
ANTICIPATED TIME SPECIFIED BY PRI FLY THAT THE DECK WILL BE READY TO RECOVER AIRCRAFT.
BURBLE
AIR DISTURBANCES ON CARRIER THAT DETRIMENTALLY AFFECT AIRCRAFT LANDING AND APPROACH PERFORMANCE.
CARD OF THE DAY
AN INFO CARD DISTRIBUTED BY CVIC WHICH IDENTIFIES DAILY CHANGING CALL SIGNS OF BATTLE GROUP UNITS AS WELL AS VARIOUS BASE NUMBERS USED IN CODED TRANSMISSIONS. CLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL.
CHARLIE
SIGNAL FOR AIRCRAFT TO LAND ON THE SHIP. NUMBER SUFFIX IS THE TIME DELAY BEFORE LANDING
CLARA
PILOT REPORT INDICATING THAT VLA IS NOT IN SIGHT.
UTC/GMT
COORDINATED UNIVERSAL TIME, GREENWICH MEAN TIME: TIME AT PRIME MERIDIAN.
D&D
DISPLAY AND DECISION:CDC MODULE WHERE THE CDC WATCH OFFICER,TAO, AND SHIPS AIR COORDINATOR ARE LOCATED.
DELTA
A SIGNAL GIVEN TO HOLD AIRCRAFT AND CONSERVE FUEL AT AN ALTITUDE AND POSITION APPROPRIATE TO AIRCRAFT TYPE AND CASE RECOVERY IN EFFECT.
DEPARTURE RADIALS
TACAN RADIALS USED TO PROVIDE LATERAL SEPARATION BETWEEN DEPARTING AIRCRAFT DURING CASE 2 AND 3 DEPARTURES.
DRR
DEPARTURE REFERENCE RADIALS
EASY RIDER
PILOT TERM TO REFER TO PALS
FACSFAC
FLEET AREA CONTROL AND SURVEILLANCE FACILITTY
FLIGHT LEVEL
PRESSURE ALTITUDE EXPRESSED IN HUNDREDS OF FEET . FL 230= 23000 FT PRESSURE ALTITUDE.
FOX CORPEN
SHIPS TRUE HEADING DURING FLIGHT OPERATIONS.
GLIDESLOPE
COMMANDED VERTICAL APPROACH PATH FOR LETDOWN. PROVIDED BY PALS.
GLIDEPATH
ACTUAL VERTICAL APPROACH PATH FLOWN BY AIRCRAFT DURING LETDOWN.
GREEN SHEET
DAILY PLAN OF CARRIER OPERATIONS.PUBLISHED BY OPS DEPT.
HIFR
HELICOPTER IN FLIGHT REFUELING. FROM A SURFACE VESSEL.,
HIGH HOLDING PATTERN
SECONDARY CASE 1 HOLD PATTERN USED TO REDUCE FUEL CONSUMPTION WHEN A SIGNIFICANT DELAY IN LANDING IS ANTICIPATED.
HOLY HELO
HELICOPTER USED TO TRANSPORT CHAPLAINS.
HOME PLATE
SHORE FACILITY OR SHIP FROM WHICH A FLIGHT ORIGINATED.
HOOK
TURN MADE BY AIRCRAFT FROM A DOWNWIND POSITION IN THE BOLTER PATTERN TO FINAL BEARING DURING CASE 3 RECOVERIES.
HOOK SKIP
WHEN AN AIRCRAFT HOOK SKIPS OVER THE ARRESTING CABLES RESULTING IN A BOLTER.
HOT REFUELING
FUELING AN AIRCRAFT ON THE FLIGHT DECK WITH THE ENGINE RUNNING
HOT PUMP
AN AIRCRAFT THAT IS TO UNDERGO HOT REFUELING.
HOT SHEET
DEPICTION OF AIRSPACE CONSTRAINTS(HOT AREAS) FOR EACH 24 HR PERIOD. OF FLIGHT OPS. DISTRIBUTED WITH FLIGHT PLAN.
HOT SWITCH
PROCEDURE WHERE A PILOT OR FLIGHT CREW REPLACE ANOTHER PILOT OR CREW WHILE THE ENGINE IS RUNNING. USUALLY PERFORMED DURING A HOT PUMP.
IN TENSION
A CONDITION THAT EXISTS IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO CATAPULT LAUNCH WHEN TENSION IS APPLIED TO SECURE AIRCRAFT TO THE CATAPULT.
KILO REPORT
A PILOT CODED REPORT INDICATING AIRCRAFT MISSION READINESS.
LINK 4A
THE UHF DATA LINK USED TO TRANSMIT PALS COMMANDS AND OTHER DATA TO AIRCRAFT.
LOAD REPORT
REPORT GIVEN TO MARSHAL INCLUDING NUMBER OF PASSENGERS,VIP CODE,MAIL , CARGO ON BOARD, AND PILOT NAME.
MAGNETIC BEARING
BEARING IN RELATION TO MAGNETIC NORTH.
MAGNETIC HEADING
HEADING IN RELATION TO MAGNETIC NORTH. AIRCRAFT NAVIGATE BY MAGNETIC HEADING.
MARK YOUR FATHER
A CONTROLLER REQUEST TO A PILOT FOR THE AIRCRAFTS TACAN RADIAL AND DME DISTANCE FROM THE CARRIER.
MARSHAL
A BEARING,DISTANCE,AND ALTITUDE FIX DESIGNATED BY CATCC FROM WHICH PILOTS WILL ORIENT HOLDING AND FROM WHICH INITIAL APPROACH WILL COMMENCE.
MOTHER
THE SHIP
NEEDLES
PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH COCKPIT INDICATIONS FROM PALS
NO JOY
TERM INDICATING A PILOT DOES NOT HAVE VISUAL CONTACT WITH A TARGET OR WAS UNSUCCESSFUL IN PERFORMING AN ASSIGNED TASK.
NONRADAR CONTROL
MANUAL LANDING IN AN EMERGENCY OR WHEN THE CATCC OFFICER DETERMINES THE AIR CONTROL RADAR IS INOPERATIVE OR UNUSABLE.
NORDO
NO RADIO. AIRCRAFT UNABLE TO TRANSMIT BY RADIO
NUGGET
A FIRST TOUR PILOT ON INITIAL CARRIER DEPLOYMENT.
PACKAGE CHECK
AIRBORNE CHECK OF THE OPERATING STATUS OF A TANKERS REFUELING SYSTEM
PARROT
THE AIRCRAFTS TRANSPONDER
PENETRATION
INSTRUMENT APPROACH LETDOWN FROM THE ASSIGNED MARSHAL PATTERN ALTITUDE.
PICKLE
JETTISON
PIGEONS
MAGNETIC BEARING AND DISTANCE TO CARRIER, DIVERT FIELD OR OTHER GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION FROM AIRCRAFT.
PINKIE
A LANDING MADE DURING TWILIGHT.
PINK SHEET
A WEEKLY SCHEDULE OF CARRIER OPERATIONS PUBLISHED BY OPS DEPT.
POSITION OF INTENDED MOVEMENT (PIM)
POSITION TO WHICH THE SHIP PLANS TO PROCEED.
RADIAL
A MAGNETIC BEARING EXTENDING FROM A NAVIGATION SYSTEM
RAINMAKER
AN AIRCRAFT SENT TO A SHORE BASED LANDING SITE TO VERIFY ITS SUITABILITY AS A DIVERT FIELD.
RED LIGHT
LOCAL TIME AT WHICH A HELICOPTER WILL NO LONGER BE SAR CAPABLE AND HAS APPROXIMATELY 30 MINUTES OF FLIGHT TIME REMAINING.
RELATIVE BEARING
A BEARING IN RELATION TO THE BOW OF A SHIP OR NOSE OF AN AIRCRAFT.
RETRO REPORT
A REPORT GIVEN TO THE COD AIRCRAFT BY MARSHAL PROVIDING OFFLOAD INFO ON PASSENGERS , MAIL, CARGO OR ANY OTHER PERTINENT INFO.
SNUGGLE UP
A TERM USED TO DIRECT A HELICOPTER TO COME CLOSE ABOARD.
SORTIE
THE FLIGHT OF ONE AIRCRAFT FROM LAUNCH TO RECOVERY.
SPIN
A SIGNAL GIVEN TO ONE OR MORE AIRCRAFT INDICATING A DEPARTURE AND RE ENTRY INTO THE BREAK. ISSUED BY AIR OFFICER OR FLIGHT LEADER.
SOUR
AIRCRAFT OR SHIPBOARD SYSTEMS INOPERATIVE ( SOUR BULLSEYE,SOUR TANKER)
SWEET
AIRCRAFT OR SHIPBOARD SYSTEMS OPERATIVE(SWEET BULLSEYE. SWEET TANKER)
TALLY HO
TARGET VISUALLY ACQUIRED
TANKER KING
A TANKER RESPONSIBLE FOR AIRBORNE EXECUTION OF TANKING PLAN AND A LL TANKING
TEXACO
A TERM FOR FUEL OR A TANKER AIRCRAFT.
THE 180
THE POSITION ABEAM THE LSO PLATFORM FROM WHICH AIRCRAFT DURING CASE 1 AND 2 RECOVERIES COMMENCE A 180 DEGREE TURN TO THE FINAL BEARING.
TIP OVER
THE POINT IN A PALS APPROACH WHEN AN AIRCRAFT UNDER AUTOMATIC CONTROL INTERCEPTS THE GLIDESLOPE AND BEGINS ITS FINAL APPROACH. APPROX. 3.25 NM AFT OF CARRIER.
3 NM DME FIX
A CHECKPOINT IN A CCA WHERE ALL TURBOPROP AIRCRAFT AND HELOS WILL PASS IN A LANDING CONFIGURATION.
VARIATION
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRUE NORTH AND MAGNETIC NORTH.
WINCHESTER
AIRCRAFT IS OUT OF ORDNANCE
WIND OVER DECK (WOD)
WIND SPEED AND RELATIVE DIRECTION OVER FLIGHT DECK.
YO YO
AIRCRAFT THAT LAUNCH WITH ONE EVENT AND RECOVER WITH THE PREVIOUS EVENT.
ZIP LIP
CONDITION DURING DAYLIGHT VMC CONDITIONS WHERE COMMUNICATIONS ARE WAIVED.