opioids

Question 1

morphine

Answer 1

mu agonist, mimic endogenous opioids
interact with CNS depressants, OH
mod-severe
extended release option
SE: resp depression, CNS depression (serious), common = constipation, drowsy/fatigue, confusion, dry mouth, itchy
impairs mental/physical abilities

Question 2

hydromorphone

Answer 2

similar to morphine, semisynthetic, IV or PO
severe pain
same SE

Question 3

fentanyl

Answer 3

mod-severe, surgical induction, chronic
buccal, IV, IM, transdermal
extremely potent
completely synthetic

Question 4

merperidine

Answer 4

synthetic, only give for acute migraine and shivering post op
mod-severe (weaker than morphine and shorter duration, less resp duration, PO 1/2 as effective as IV, lots of interactions)
toxic metabolite with repeated doses, (seizure)

Question 5

codeine

Answer 5

mild-mod, decrease cough
only PO, often combined with other analgesics
no <18 (breathing issues)
nausea

Question 6

oxycodone

Answer 6

PO only
mod-severe, 10x more portent than codeine
high abuse potential

Question 7

hydrocodone

Answer 7

mild-mod, cough
combined with others

Question 8

methadone

Answer 8

detox treatment in opioid addiction
longer 1/2 life than other opioids
usually PO

Question 9

naloxone

Answer 9

opioid antagonist
binds to opioid receptors (clog)
<2min onset, IV/IM/nasal
reverse opioid effects
pain and increase BP