Opiods

Question 1

what are these medicines used for?

Answer 1

pain relief

Question 2

give an examlpe

Answer 2

codeine, morphine, dihyrcocodeine

Question 3

central or peripheral?

Answer 3

central

Question 4

what is the most potent?

Answer 4

morphine

Question 5

half life?

Answer 5

3hrs

Question 6

what is morphine used for?

Answer 6

acute severe pain
dull continuous pain rather than sharp intermittent
cough suppression

Question 7

list some side effects of morphine

Answer 7

nausea
respiratory depression
constipation
pupil constriction
confusion in elderly

Question 8

how frequent is morphine dose given? how long is pain relief given?

Answer 8

every 4 hrs
pain relief for 3-4hrs

Question 9

list contraindications for morphine

Answer 9

ulcerative colitis
suspected head injury - morphine will mask signs
acute alcoholism
reduced resp
hepatic/renal insufficiency
overdose
hypersensitivity

Question 10

how is codeine & dihydrocodeine administered? what is it used to tx?

Answer 10

orally
mild-moderate dental pain

Question 11

what is cocodamol comprised of?

Answer 11

codeine & paracetamol

Question 12

what is codydramol comprised of?

Answer 12

dihydrocodeine & paracetamol

Question 13

what is codeine broken down into upon metabolism? what component gives the pain relief?

Answer 13

norcodeine & morphine
morphine gives the pain relief

Question 14

how long does morphine give analgesia for?

Answer 14

2-4hrs

Question 15

what is dihydrocodeine metabolised into? how does the effect compare to codeine?

Answer 15

dyhydromorphine
more reliable effect than codeine

Question 16

list complications of codeine/dihydrocodeine

Answer 16

nausea
low BP
itchy rash
constipation
dependancy

Question 17

what is max dose of codeine/dyhydrocodeine? what is the max dose?

Answer 17

30-60mg every 4-6hrs
max 240mg in 24hrs

Question 18

how many mg of codeine & paracetamol is in cocodamol?

Answer 18

30mg of codeine
500mg of paracetamol

Question 19

list indications for codeine/dyhydrocodeine

Answer 19

mild-moderate dental pain
post op pain
cough suppressant
anti-diarrheal
if NSAIDs contraindicated

Question 20

list drugs codeine/dyhydrocodeine may interact with

Answer 20

AAAHA:
alcohol
antihistamines
anxiolytic
hypnotics
antipshychotics

Question 21

what does cocodaprin consist of?

Answer 21

codeine and aspirin

Question 22

what does co-proxamol consist of?

Answer 22

codeine & dextropropoxyphene

Question 23

what is analgesic efficacy expressed as? what does this mean?

Answer 23

NNT
number of patients who need to receive drug for one person to achieve at least 50% pain relief compared to placebo over 4-6hrs

Question 24

how does NNT value represent drug efficacy?

Answer 24

lower NNT = more effective drug