OPIC Flashcards
What is the inverse care law?
The availability of healthcare services is inversely proportional to those who need it.
What are the social determinants of health?
Circumstances in which people grow up, live, work and age.
Systems put in place shaped by economics, social policies and politics.
Social hierarchy.
What are the types of homelessness?
Rough sleeping
Hidden homelessness - sofa surfing
Statutory homelessness - not intentionally homeless
At risk of homelessness
What life expectancy of homeless people?
45
What is the decent homes standard housing act 2004?
Free from cat 1 hazards
Reasonable degree of thermal comfort
Reasonably modern facilities and services
Reasonable state of repair
What are category 1 hazards?
Damp or mould
Electrical faults
Unsafe cladding
Excess cold or heat
Smoke alarms
Too much noise or poor lighting
Overcrowding
Define poverty.
You cannot afford the basic needs of life - food, clothing, shelter.
What number of people are in poverty?
14.3 million people
What are the criteria for Learning Disability?
Under 18 years
Significant impairment of intellectual functioning
Significant impairment of adaptive/social functioning
IQ under 70
How do you classify learning disability?
50-70 mild
39-45 moderate
20 severe
What is the most common cause of learning disability worldwide?
Malnutrition
What are some perinatal causes of ld?
Iatrogenic
TORCH
Anoxic brain injury
Prematurity
foetal alcohol syndrome
What are some postnatal causes of ld?
Encephalitis
Hypoglycaemia
Head injury
Malnutrition
VTE
What is Down syndrome associated with?
Hypothyroidism
Hirschsprungs
Obesity
Epilepsy
Growth failure
Congenital heart problems
Depression
OCD
Autism
Why is downs associated with psych disorders?
Limited communication
Difficult to diagnose thought disorder
Diagnostic overshadowing
What are the primary physical health associations with learning disability?
Epilepsy
Hypothyroidism
Visual and hearing impairment
Cerebral palsy
Motor issues
Who is at risk of poor nutrition?
Decreased intake
Increased requirement
Loses increase
What are the elements of the MUST score?
BMI
Unintentional weight loss
Acutely unwell + no nutritional intake for greater than 5 days
What high risk on the MUST score?
2
Refer to dietician
What are the elements of pressure ulcers?
Pressure
Friction
Shearing
Moisture
What are the most common sites for pressure ulcers?
Sacrum and coccyx
Heels
How can you estimate someone’s height?
Measure ulna
How can you estimate someone’s BMI?
Bicep circumference