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YEAR 4 > Emergency Drugs > Flashcards

Emergency Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What drug is given for cardiac arrest, what is the dose?

A

Adrenaline
1mg of a 1 in 10, 000 solution every 3-5 mins as required
Slow IV

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2
Q

What drug is given for acute anaphylaxis and what is the dose?

A

Adrenaline
500 micrograms 1 in 1000 solution injection (IM) repeat dose after 5 minutes if no response (doses can be given at 5 minute intervals until specialist crictical care is available).
Anterolateral of the middle 1/3 of the thigh.

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3
Q

What drug is given for a patient presenting with a thyrotoxic storm (tachycardia, high temp, high blood pressure), what is the dose?

A

Hydrocortisone
100mg every 6 hours
Administered as sodium succinate.
IV

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4
Q

What drug is given for acute hypersensitivity reactions (e.g. angioedema and anaphylaxis) as an adjunct to adrenaline, what is the dose?

A

Hydrocortisone
100-300mg
Administered as sodium succinate
IV

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5
Q

What is the drug given for adrenocortical insufficiency (decreased consciousness, unexplained fever and hypotension) as a result of septic shock, what is the dose?

A

Hydrocortisone
50mg every 6 hours given in combination with fludrocortisone.
IV

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6
Q

What drug is given for an adrenal crisis (dehydration, sweating, tachypnoea, vomiting, diarrhoea), what is the dose?

A

Hydrocortisone
Initially 100mg, then 200mg IV infusion every 24 hours.
IM/IV

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7
Q

What dose of chlorphenamine is given for symptomatic relief of allergy?

A

10mg
MAX 4 times a day
PO

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8
Q

What is the dose of chlorphenamine that can be used in emergency anaphylactic reactions?

A

10mg
MAX 4 times a day
IV/ IM

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9
Q

What drug is used for symptomatic bradycardia due to acute beta blocker overdose, what is the dose?

A

Atropine
0.5-1.2mg
IV

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10
Q

What drug is used for treatment of poisoning by organophosphorous insecticide or nerve agent (in combination with pralidoxime chloride), what is the dose?

A

Atropine
2 mg every 5-10 mins until the skin becomes flushed and dry, the pupils dilate, and bradycardia is abolished.
IV

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11
Q

What drug is used for bradycardia following an MI (particularly if complicated by hypotension), what is the dose?

A

Atropine
500micrograms every 3-5 mins
MAX 3g per course
IV

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12
Q

What dose of Aspirin is given in the management of unstable angina and non-ST-elevation MI?

A

300mg
PO

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13
Q

What dose of Aspirin is given for a STEMI?

A

300mg
PO

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14
Q

What dose of Aspirin is given for a suspected TIA?

A

300mg once daily until diagnosis established
PO

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15
Q

What dose of aspirin is given for an acute ischaemic stroke?

What are the timings?

A

300mg once daily for 14 days, initiated 24 hours after thrombolysis or as soon as possible within 48 hours of sx onset in patients not receiving thrombolysis.
PO

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16
Q

What drug can be used in a TIA and acute ischaemic stroke for those with aspirin hypersensitivity or intolerance, what is the dose?

A

Clopidogrel
75mg once daily
PO

17
Q

What dose of clopidogrel is given for prevention of atherothrombotic events in acute STEMI?

A

18-75 years
Initially 300mg then 75mg daily for at least 4 weeks
PO

76+ years
75mg daily for at least 4 weeks
PO

18
Q

What dose of clopidgorel is given for prevention of atherothrombotic events in acute NSTEMI?

A

Initially 300mg, then 75mg daily for at least 12 months

19
Q

What drug is given firstline in acute hyperkalaemia, what is the dose?

A

Calcium gluconate
30mL calcium gluconate 10%
Repeat dose if no improvement in ECG within 5-10 minutes.
Slow IV

20
Q

What dose of calcium gluconate is given for severe acute hypocalcaemia or hypocalcaemic tetany?

A

Initially 10-20mL calcium gluconate 10% administered with plasma calcium and ECG monitoring.
Then can be repeated or if only temporary improvement followed by continuous IV infusion to prevent recurrence.

21
Q

What dose of insulin/dextrose infusion should be given in severe hyperkalaemia?

A

10U actrapid, 50mL of 50% glucose.
IV

22
Q

What should be given to a patient who is hypoglycaemic and unconscious?

A

IM glucagon 1mg
20% IV glucose 75mL over 10 mins.

23
Q

What dose of diazepam should be given for acute severe anxiety, panic attacks and acute alcohol withdrawal?

A

10mg, then 10mg after at least 4 hours if required.
IV injection into large vein at a rate of no more than 5mg/min.

24
Q

What is the dose of diazepam that is given for status epilepticus, febrile convulsions and convulsions due to poisioning?

A

10mg, then 10mg after 10 mins if required, administered at a rate of 1mL (5mg) per minute.
IV

25
Q

What dose of lorazepam is given for acute panic attacks?

A

25-30 micrograms every 6 hours if required
IV

26
Q

What dose of lorazepam is given for status epilepticus, febrile convulsions and convulsions due to poisioning?

A

4mg for 1 dose, then 4mg after 10 minutes if required to administered into a large vein.
IV

27
Q

What dose of nebulised salbutamol is given for moderate, severe of life-threatening asthma attack?

A

5mg, repeat every 20-30 minutes given via oxygen driven neb.

28
Q

What dose of prednisolone is given for mild to moderate acute asthma?

A

40-50mg daily for at least 5 days.
PO

29
Q

What dose of prednisolone is given for severe or life-threating asthma?

A

40-50mg daily for at least 5 days.

30
Q

What dose of morphine is given for an MI?

A

5-10mg, followed by 5-10mg if required
Administered at 1-2mg/minute.
Slow IV

31
Q

What dose of morphine is given for elderly patients with an MI?

A

2.5-5mg followed by 2.5-5mg if required
Administered at 1-2mg/minute.
Slow IV

32
Q

What dose of morphine is given for acute pulmonary oedema?

A

5-10mg
Administered at 2mg/minute.
Slow IV

33
Q

What dose of morphine is given for elderly patients with acute pulmonary oedema?

A

2.5-5mg
Administered at 2mg/minute.
Slow IV

34
Q

What drug is given for an acute opiod overdose (for high-dose regimen to reverse life-threatening effects), what dose?

A

Naloxone
Intially 400micrograms then 800micrograms for up to 2 doses at 1 minute intervals if no response, then increased to 2mg for 1 dose if no response review diagnosis.
4mg dose may be required in severely poisoned patients.
IV

35
Q

What drug is given for an acute opiod overdose (for low-dose regimen when there is risk of acute withdrawal, or continued therapeutic effect is required), what dose?

A

Naloxone
Initially 100-200micrograms, then 100 micrograms for up to 2 doses at 1 minute intervals if no response, then continue to titrate up to MAX 2mg.
IV

36
Q

What dose of naloxone is given for opiod overdose in a non-medical setting?

A

400micrograms every 2-3 minutes continued until consciousness regained, breathing normally.
Deltoid or anterolateral thigh.
IM

37
Q

What is the dose of salbutamol for hyperkalaemia?

A

10-20mg nebulised

YEAR 4 (11 decks)

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