Ophtho

Question 1

GA when eyelid closes in response to light

Answer 1

30 weeks gestation

Question 2

GA when pupils reactive to light

Answer 2

30 weeks geatation but may not respond til 32 weeks

Well developed at 1 mo of age

Question 3

Conjugate horizontal gaze mature at which age?

Answer 3

Term

Question 4

Conjugate vertical gaze mature at

Answer 4

2 mo

Question 5

What cranial nerve is tested w pupillary response

Answer 5

CN III

Question 6

Leukocoria most commonly cause by

Answer 6

Cataracts

Question 7

Syndromes associated with hypotelorism

Answer 7

Decreased intraorbital distance

Meckel gruber, trisomy 21 and williams syndrome

Also associated with holoprosencephaly

Question 8

When is anti-vegf therapy effective in ROP?

Answer 8

In Zone I disease not zone II

Question 9

Complication of laser and cryotherapy for ROP?

Answer 9

Cataracts, glaucoma, anterior segment ischemia

Question 10

Preterm infants w ROP are at increase risk of

Answer 10

Amblyopia and refractive errors

Question 11

Name the risk factors for development of ROP

Answer 11

Perinatal (LBW, low GA)
Postnatal (O2 exposure)
Postnatal weight gain

Question 12

Which disoders are associated with upper eyelid coloboma vs lower eyelid?

Answer 12

Upper eyelid Goldenhar

Lower eyelid Treacher collins

Question 13

Direction of lens subluxation in Marfan’s vs homocystinuria

Answer 13

In Marfan syndrome, the lens subluxates superiorly and temporally (upward and outwards).

In homocystinuria, the lens subluxates inferiorly and medially
(downwards and inwards)

Question 14

Follow up schedule post Avastin treatment?

Answer 14

Close follow up of treated eyes between 45-55 weeks’ PMA and continued exam to at 65 weeks PMA (~6 months)

Question 15

Describe 3 types of lymphangiomas

Answer 15

The simplex form is localized to the epidermis and
consists of normal vessels.

The cavernous form is locally invasive and consists of microcystic vessels.

The cystic form consists of macrocystic dilatations.
localized to
head and
neck (~75%) - AKA cystic hygroma.

Question 16

Stages of ROP

Answer 16

Stage 0 immature
Stage 1 line of demarcation
Stage 2 ridge without extraretinal blood vessels
Stage 3 neovascularizarion within ridge (raised ridge) and extraretinal blood vessels
Stage 4 partial retinal detachment
Stage 5 complete retinal detachment

Question 17

Most common abnormal ocular movement in cerebral visual impairment?

Answer 17

Nystagmus

Intermittent) Paroxysmal deviation (upward

Question 18

1 month old with increased tearing in both eyes, appears bothered by light and red reflex not apparent. Best test for you diagnose?

Answer 18

Intraocular pressure

Congenital glaucoma

Question 19

Wgat syndromes are assoc’d with glaucoma?

Answer 19

Sturge Weber
Homocystinuria
T21
Sticklers Syndrome 
Congenital Rubella 
NF
Retinoblastoma 
Longterm corticosteroid exposure

Question 20

Bilateral leukocoria and hearing loss. Dx?

Answer 20

Rubella has both cataract hearing loss

CMV and Toxo have hearing impairment but chorioretinitis not cataracts

Question 21

When is optic nerve myelination complete?

Answer 21

24 months

Question 22

What does a dark spot in the red reflex imply?

Answer 22

A dark spot or asymmetric red reflex suggests cataracts

Question 23

What is Peter’s anomaly?

Answer 23

Disorder of the eye with thinning and clouding of the cornea causing blurred vision.

Assoc’d with clouding of the lens of the eye (cataracts) or other lens abnormalities

Question 24

Neonate with cataract and hypotonia and brother with h/o renal disease and impairment. Which is the gene involved?

Answer 24

OCRL gene

Lowe syndrome (oculocerebellar renal syndrome)