Ophthalmology examination

Question 1

What would you expect to see on fundoscopy of an eye with diabetic retinopathy?

Answer 1

Dot and blot haemorrhages
Hard exudates
Cotton wool spots
Neovascularisation

Question 2

What would you expect to see on fundoscopy of an eye with hypertensive retinopathy?

Answer 2

G1: Arteriolar narrowing
G2: AV nicking + silver wiring
G3: Flame haemorrhages + hard exudates + cotton wool spots
G4: Papilloedema

Question 3

What would you expect to see on fundoscopy of an eye with retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 3

Swollen, pale retina

Cherry red spot

Question 4

What would you expect to see on fundoscopy of an eye with retinal vein occlusion?

Answer 4

Tortuous, dilated vessels

Widespread retinal haemorrhages (stormy sunset)

Question 5

What would you expect to see on fundoscopy of an eye with dry macular degeneration?

Answer 5

Drusen in macular area

Question 6

What would you expect to see on fundoscopy of an eye with wet macular degeneration?

Answer 6

Subretinal haemorrhages in/around retina

Localised retinal elevation and oedema