Abdominal Exam Flashcards
What hand signs would you see in Chronic Liver Disease? (5)
Flapping tremor Clubbing Leukonychia Palmar erythema Dupuytren''s contracture
What other peripheral signs would you see in Chronic Liver Disease? (4)
Jaundice
Spider naevi
Gynaecomastia
Loss of axillary hair
What abdominal signs would you see in Chronic Liver Disease? (2)
Hepatomegaly
Ascites
If you suspect chronic liver disease, what would the following suggest is the aetiology:
- Afro-carribean
Sarcoid
If you suspect chronic liver disease, what would the following suggest is the aetiology:
- Slate-grey pigmentation
- Capillary glucose monitoring marks
Haemochromatosis
If you suspect chronic liver disease, what would the following suggest is the aetiology:
- Tatoos
Hepatitis C
If you suspect chronic liver disease, what would the following suggest is the aetiology:
- xanthelasma
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
If you suspect chronic liver disease, what would the following suggest is the aetiology:
- Goitre
- Middle aged female
Autoimmune
If you suspect chronic liver disease, what would the following suggest is the aetiology:
- emphysema
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin deficiency
What signs suggest decompensated chronic liver disease? (3)
Encephalopathy
Jaundice
Ascites
What signs would you see in a transplanted kidney? (3)
AV fistula
Rutherford Morrison scar (RIF)
Smooth mass underlying scar
What signs would suggest polycystic kidney disease? (6)
AV fistula if on dialysis Hypertension Pale conjunctiva (anaemia) Flank scar if removed Bilateral ballotable flank masses Hepatomegaly (hepatic cysts)
What signs would suggest polycythaemia rubra vera? (4)
Dusky cyanosis
Hypertension
Facial plethora
Splenomegaly
What signs would suggest hereditary spherocytosis? (3)
Pale conjunctiva
Jaundice
Splenomegaly
What signs would suggest primary biliary cirrhosis? (6)
Middle aged female Jaundice in eye (icteric) Increased skin pigmentation Excoriations Xanthelasma Hepatomegaly
What would a Mercedes Benz/chevron scar suggest?
Liver transplant
What would a Rutherford-Morrison scar suggest?
Transplanted kidney
What are the GI causes of clubbing?
Hepatic cirrhosis Coeliac disease Ulcerative colitis Crohns disease GI lymphoma
What are the causes of hepatomegaly? (6*)
Cirrhosis Carcinoma Congestive cardiac failure Infection (Hep B+C) Immune (PSC, PBC, AIH) Infiltrative (amyloid)
What are the causes of ascites? (3*)
Cirrhosis
CCF
Carcinomatosis
What are the causes of massive splenomegaly?
Chronic myeloid leukaemia
Myelofibrosis
Malaria
What are the causes of
Myeloproliferative disorders Infiltation Portal hypertension Infection (EBV, Inf endocarditis, inf hepatitis) Haemolytic anaemia)
What are the top three causes for renal transplantation?
Glomerulonephritis
Diabetic nephropathy
AD Polycystic kidney disease
