Ophthalmology Flashcards
What is entropium?
Inversion of the eyelid
What conditions can entropion lead to?
Corneal ulcer or perforation
How can entropion be treated?
Saline blep under the eyelid can help evert the eyelid
Tacking suture
Tissue resection of part of eyelid Modified hotz Celsus
V to Y pasty
Lateral eyelid wedge excision
What do you call a gash in the margin of the eyelid? Can be acquired or congenital.
Eyelid coloboma
What technique can you use to close a large defect on the margin of the eyelid, like those caused by squamous cell carcinomas?
Sliding flap technique
What nerve block can you do to provide local anesthesia to the structures of the eyelid?
Auriculopalpebral nerve block —> analgesia to upper eyelid
Supraorbital nerve block —> block upper eyelid and forehead skin
Lacrimal and Zygomatic —> lateral and lower eyelid
Infratrochlear for medial
What are the layers of the cornea?
Tear film Corneal epithelium Corneal stroma Descemet’s membrane Endothelium
Clinical signs of keratitis?
Blepharospasm
Epiphora
Corneal edema
Corneal opacity
What test do you do for corneal ulcers?
Fluorescein stain
When there is a superficial cornea ulcer, what type of vascularization is present on the cornea?
Superficial — branching tree like (can be seen crossing the limbus)
When there is a deep cornea ulcer, what type of vascularization is present on the cornea?
Ciliary flush (hedge row appearance) Episceral injection
What can you place in equine for regular application of topical eye medications
Suprapalpebral lavage
How do you treat an undermined ulcer?
Removal of loose corneal epithelium back to attachment
What method can you use to treat deep corneal ulcers that brings additional blood supply over the corena?
Conjunctival pedicle flap
What do you call the iris protruding through a laceration of the cornea?
Staphyloma
