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RUSVM Large Animal Surgery > Corrective Shoeing > Flashcards

Corrective Shoeing Flashcards

1
Q

How often should a normal hoof be trimmed?

A

4-6weeks

Grows about 6mm per month from coronet distally

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2
Q

New hoof growth occurs from the ____________

A

Perioplic curium

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3
Q

What is a normal hoof-pastern axis?

A

Pastern should be parallel to the hoof

Front of the hoof should be about 50 degrees, rear is about 55 degrees

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4
Q

What is the normal shape of a hoof?

A

Front hoof is more rounded

Rear hoofs are more pointed

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5
Q

How would you remove a shoe?

A

Open nail clinches (straighten out the nail)

Loosen shoe at the bars

Pull shoe off

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6
Q

What on a shoe indicates proper function of the hoof mechanism?

A

Polishing of the shoe..

When the horse steps onto its hoot the heel should expand, and when its lifted contracts —> polishes shoe

Purpose of this mechanism is to pump venous blood from hoof up the leg

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7
Q

In what breed of horse is a longer toe left when hoof trimming?

A

Standardbred

Increases stride length for racing

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8
Q

The bevel on shoeing nails goes (toward/away) the sole of the hoof

A

Toward

bevel on inner surface makes it arch outward to the hoof wall

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9
Q

Where does the farrier place the nail and how far up the hoof wall should the nail tip emerge?

A

White line

3/4inch

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10
Q

What would you do if a horse was quicker when shod?

A

Disinfect
Antibiotics
Bandage

Tetanus toxoid/antitoxin

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11
Q

Horse presents with lameness several days after shoeing. What would be one of your top differentials?

A

Nail bound

Horse wasn’t quicked but the nail has bend and is putting pressure on the laminae

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12
Q

What consequences do sidebones have on the hoof and how could you fix this?

A

Sidebones are ossified collateral cartilages of the distal phalanx

This can prevent the hoof mechanism
Can improve expansion of the hoot may thinning the hoof wall with a rasp or cutting grooves into the hoof wall to make it more flexible

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13
Q

What shoeing technique can be used with coffin bone fractures?

A

Full bar shoe

Prevents movement of the hoof wall

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14
Q

A horse has navicular disease. What type of shoe would you recommend in this case?

A

A shoe with an elevated heel and rocker toe

Elevated heel causes less pressure from the DDFT on the navicular bone and the rocker toe facilitates breakover (moment foot is lifted off the ground)

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15
Q

What type of shoe can help with flexor tendon rupture

A

Elongated heel
Egg bar shoe
Or with fetlock support

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16
Q

Clincial signs of a puncture wound/solar abscess?

A

Lamenss
Thumping digital pulse
Draining tract at coronary band
Swelling

17
Q

How can you diagnose a puncture wound/solar abscess

A

Hoof tester
Sterile probe in draining tract
Radiology (fistulography)

18
Q

Treatment of puncture wounds/solar abscess?

A 
Establish drainage 
Tetanus: toxoid/antitoxin 
Antiseptic solution 
Bandage 
Septic navicular bursitis/coffin joint infection (surgery, plate shoe)

For solar abscess.. debride and drain

19
Q

What is a keratoma?

A

Abnormal keratinization in response to chronic injury

20
Q

Clinical signs of keratoma?

A

Lameness

Fistulous tract at coronary band

Deviation at white line

Can be diagnosed with hoof testers and radiology (pressure from keratoma on bone causes reabsorptive lesions

21
Q

Treatment for a keratoma?

A

Cut into the hoof wall and removed the section of hoof with the keratoma

Followed by bandaging and shoe

22
Q

What is gravel?

A

A sole abscess that drains at the coronary band

Inflammation and infection follows line of least resistance (white line) and drains at coronary band

23
Q

How do you treat a gravel abscess?

A

Resection of the undermined hoof wall

24
Q

What is Quittor?

A

Necrosis of the collateral cartilage (chronic purulent inflammation)

Usually caused by interfering —> subcoronary abscess

25
Q

What is thrush?

A

Degenerative condition of the frog

Caused by unhygienic conditons

26
Q

Clinical signs of thrush?

A

Usually rear limbs
Fetid odor
Undermined frog
Black discharge in sulci of frog

27
Q

Treatment of thrush?

A

Removal of all loose horn

Copper sulfate

28
Q

What is white line disease?

A

Separation of white line from hoof

Must resect hoof wall and shod for support

RUSVM Large Animal Surgery (18 decks)

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