Corrective Shoeing Flashcards
How often should a normal hoof be trimmed?
4-6weeks
Grows about 6mm per month from coronet distally
New hoof growth occurs from the ____________
Perioplic curium
What is a normal hoof-pastern axis?
Pastern should be parallel to the hoof
Front of the hoof should be about 50 degrees, rear is about 55 degrees
What is the normal shape of a hoof?
Front hoof is more rounded
Rear hoofs are more pointed
How would you remove a shoe?
Open nail clinches (straighten out the nail)
Loosen shoe at the bars
Pull shoe off
What on a shoe indicates proper function of the hoof mechanism?
Polishing of the shoe..
When the horse steps onto its hoot the heel should expand, and when its lifted contracts —> polishes shoe
Purpose of this mechanism is to pump venous blood from hoof up the leg
In what breed of horse is a longer toe left when hoof trimming?
Standardbred
Increases stride length for racing
The bevel on shoeing nails goes (toward/away) the sole of the hoof
Toward
bevel on inner surface makes it arch outward to the hoof wall
Where does the farrier place the nail and how far up the hoof wall should the nail tip emerge?
White line
3/4inch
What would you do if a horse was quicker when shod?
Disinfect
Antibiotics
Bandage
Tetanus toxoid/antitoxin
Horse presents with lameness several days after shoeing. What would be one of your top differentials?
Nail bound
Horse wasn’t quicked but the nail has bend and is putting pressure on the laminae
What consequences do sidebones have on the hoof and how could you fix this?
Sidebones are ossified collateral cartilages of the distal phalanx
This can prevent the hoof mechanism
Can improve expansion of the hoot may thinning the hoof wall with a rasp or cutting grooves into the hoof wall to make it more flexible
What shoeing technique can be used with coffin bone fractures?
Full bar shoe
Prevents movement of the hoof wall
A horse has navicular disease. What type of shoe would you recommend in this case?
A shoe with an elevated heel and rocker toe
Elevated heel causes less pressure from the DDFT on the navicular bone and the rocker toe facilitates breakover (moment foot is lifted off the ground)
What type of shoe can help with flexor tendon rupture
Elongated heel
Egg bar shoe
Or with fetlock support
Clincial signs of a puncture wound/solar abscess?
Lamenss
Thumping digital pulse
Draining tract at coronary band
Swelling
How can you diagnose a puncture wound/solar abscess
Hoof tester
Sterile probe in draining tract
Radiology (fistulography)
Treatment of puncture wounds/solar abscess?
Establish drainage Tetanus: toxoid/antitoxin Antiseptic solution Bandage Septic navicular bursitis/coffin joint infection (surgery, plate shoe)
For solar abscess.. debride and drain
What is a keratoma?
Abnormal keratinization in response to chronic injury
Clinical signs of keratoma?
Lameness
Fistulous tract at coronary band
Deviation at white line
Can be diagnosed with hoof testers and radiology (pressure from keratoma on bone causes reabsorptive lesions
Treatment for a keratoma?
Cut into the hoof wall and removed the section of hoof with the keratoma
Followed by bandaging and shoe
What is gravel?
A sole abscess that drains at the coronary band
Inflammation and infection follows line of least resistance (white line) and drains at coronary band
How do you treat a gravel abscess?
Resection of the undermined hoof wall
What is Quittor?
Necrosis of the collateral cartilage (chronic purulent inflammation)
Usually caused by interfering —> subcoronary abscess
What is thrush?
Degenerative condition of the frog
Caused by unhygienic conditons
Clinical signs of thrush?
Usually rear limbs
Fetid odor
Undermined frog
Black discharge in sulci of frog
Treatment of thrush?
Removal of all loose horn
Copper sulfate
What is white line disease?
Separation of white line from hoof
Must resect hoof wall and shod for support
