Flexural and Angular Deformities Flashcards
What is a flexural deformity?
Hyperflexion of a limb and results from disparity in length of the musculotendinous unit relative to bone length
What are the attachments of the superior check ligament?
Attaches from superficial digital flexor to the mid radius
What are the attachments of the inferior check ligaments?
From deep digital flexor tendon to the proximal end of metacarpal
What are causes of congenital deformities?
Uterine malposition Genetics Teratogenic agents Mare nutrition Viral/bacterial infection in mare Mare goiter Sudan grass ingestion
At what joints are flexural deformities usually located?
Fetlock and carpus
Coffin joint is rare
What tendons are involved in flexural deformities?
SDF
DDF
Suspensory lig
Joint capsule
What are conservative methods for treating a carpal flexural deformity?
Exercise — stretching of tendons
Shoeing — toe extensions (pushes the fetlock back)
Splints
Oxytetracycline —> binds Ca leading to muscle relaxation
Cast
What are clinical signs of digital hyperextending?
Toe elevated from the ground
Skinking fetlock
What type of shoe could you use for conservative management of digital hyperextension?
Shoe with extended heel —-> support the back
What is the surgical procedure for correction of bilateral contracted tendons?
Digital flexor tenotomy
What is the prognosis for a digital flexor tenotomy?
Usually good
Full recovery in 2weeks
What can cause an aquired flexor tendon laxity?
OCD Arthritis (septic) Wounds Trauma —> all causing pain
Prolonged external coaptation
How does prolonged external coaptation lead to tendon laxity?
Immobilization
Weakening of soft tissue supporting structures —> articular and tendon laxity
Rapid in foals
Common sites for acquired tendon laxity?
Metacarpophalangeal joint (fetlock)
Distal interphalangeal joint (coffin)
T/F: flexor tendon rupture looks similar to tendon laxity
True
Both have raised toes and dropped hocks