Ophthalmology Flashcards
Keratitis: features
Red eye, photophobia & gritty sensation
Anterior uveitis (iritis): features
Pain, photophobia, blurred vision, red eye, small pupil
Anterior uveitis: features
Ankylosing spondylitis, RA, IBD, Behcet’s, sarcoid
Anterior uveitis: Mx
Steroid & cyclopelgic (mydriatic) drops
Scleritis: features
Red eye, sore, watering, photophobia
Episcleritis: features
Red eye, painless
Differentiating scleritis & episcleritis
Phenylephrine drops improves redness in episcleritis
Punctate fluorescein is seen in
dry eyes
acute glaucoma: features
Pain, decrease acuity, red eye, haloes, dilated pupil
Acute glaucoma: Mx
Pilocarpine
Timolol
Apraclonidine
Flashes & floaters
Vitreous / retinal detachment
Adie pupil
Dilated pupil with slow reaction
Damage to parasympathetic nerves from infection
Marcus-Gunn pupil
RAPD
Constrict less so dilate more from unaffect to affect eye
Severe retinal disease
Argyll Robertson pupil
Bilaterally small pupils that accommodate but do not react to bright light
Syphilis & DM
Diabetic retinopathy: mild NPDR
1+ micro-aneurysm
Diabetic retinopathy: mod NPDR
Micro-aneurysm, blot haemorrhage, hard exudates, cotton wool spots
Diabetic retinopathy: PDR
Retinal neovasculation
Optic neuritis: features
Red desaturation, worse on eye movement, RAPD, central scotoma
CRVO: fundoscopy
Retinal haemorrhages
CRAO: fundoscopy
Cherry red spot on pale retina
Posterior vitreous detachment
Flashes of light
Floaters
Retinal detachment
Dense shadow peripherally progressing inwards
Dry AMD: testing
Amsler grid
Horner’s: features
Ptosis & constricted pupil
Cause of dendritic ulcer
HSV
