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Surgical Procedures 1 > Ophthalmic Procedures SP1 > Flashcards

Ophthalmic Procedures SP1 Flashcards

1
Q

chalazion excision: pathophysiology

A

removal of chalazion resulting from obstructed meibomian gland, presenting as lump or cystic mass

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2
Q

chalazion excision: incision

A

vertical transconjuctival incision

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3
Q

chalazion excision: instrumentation (2)

A
  • chalazion clamp (desmarres; hunt): inverts eyelid to provide base to work on
  • chalazion curettes (meyhoeffer)
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4
Q

DCR (dacryocystorhinostomoy): definition

A

reconstructive procedure creating new tear drainage pathway

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5
Q

DCR (dacryocystorhinostomoy): pathophysiology (3)

A
  • dacryocystitis: inflammation/infection of the lacrimal sacs mucosa
  • dacryostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the lacrimal sac
  • dacryolithiasis: formation of calculi in the lacrimal sac
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6
Q

DCR (dacryocystorhinostomoy): medications (2)

A
  • topical thrombin (hemostasis)

- cocaine or tetracaine w/ epinephrine (anesthetic)

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7
Q

DCR (dacryocystorhinostomoy): catheters/drains

A
  • 10 Fr Robinson catheter (infant feeding tube or silastic lacrimal duct intubation set
  • catheter inserted through canaliculi over posterior flaps into nasal cavity
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8
Q

DCR (dacryocystorhinostomoy): instrumentation

A

-self retaining spring retractor

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9
Q

DCR (dacryocystorhinostomoy): dressing/wound classification (2)

A
  • wound class 2*

- mustache dressing

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10
Q

entropion/ectropion repair: definition

A

oculoplastic procedure which aims to correct inverted or everted sagging eyelid margin by excising tissue and tightening the lax lid

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11
Q

entropion/ectropion repair: pathophysiology & wound classification

A
  • wound class 1*
  • entropion: inversion of eyelid
  • ectropion: eversion of eyelid
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12
Q

Enucleation: definition

A

removal of entire globe (eyeball), leaving extraoccular muscles and remaining orbital contents

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13
Q

Enucleation: EVISCERATION

A

more conservative alternative to enucleation

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14
Q

Enucleation: EXENTERATION

A

removal of entirety of orbital contents including, globe, muscles periorbital fat, periosteum, en bloc resection, for treatment of ocular and orbital malignancies

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15
Q

Enucleation: incision

A

circumferential peritomy made along limbus, carried through bulbar conjunctiva & tenons capsule

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16
Q

extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE): defintion

A

removal of opacified (cloudy) lens LEAVING POSTERIOR LENS CAPSULE IN TACT

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17
Q

INTRACAPSULAR cataract extraction (ICCE): definition

A

removal of opacified lens and the entire intact lens capsule using Alpha-Chymotrypsin to dissolve zonules of zen

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18
Q

PHACOEMULSIFICATION (PEK):

A

most common means of cataract removal
variation of ECCE, contents of lens capsule fragmented and simultaneously irrigated/aspirated using phacoemulsifier headpiece

19
Q

extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE): 3 postoperative means of visual correction

A
  • aphakic glasses
  • aphakik contact lenses
  • implantation of IOL, intraocular lens, most common means
20
Q

extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE): pathophysiology

A

cataract: opacity of crystalline lens preventing clear image on retina

21
Q

extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE): anesthesia (2)

A
  • topical anesthetic with RETRO/PERIbulbar regional block most commonly used
  • HONAN IOP-REDUCING cuff applied to increase diffusion of anesthetic and reduce IOP
22
Q

extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE): instrumentation used for 3mm incision (3)

A

keratome:

  • 69 beaver blade
  • 30 degree super blade
  • diamond knife
23
Q

extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE): procedural step for posterior lens insertion

A

inserted through anterior chamber and placed in capsular bag

24
Q

extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE): complications/wound classification

A
  • wound class 1*

- corneal abrasion

25
Q

iridectomy: definition

A

treats glaucoma
removal or portion of iris tissue in attempt to improve aqueous outflow of posterior to anterior chambers relieving pupillary block and reestablishing aqueous drainage

26
Q

iridectomy: other procedures for treating glaucoma

A
  • trabeculectomy

- goniotomy

27
Q

iridectomy: pathophysiology

A

glaucoma: group of diseases characterized by increase in intraoccqular pressure resulting in damage to retinal neurons and optic nerve
- attributed to excessive aqueous accumulation within the anterior cavity

28
Q

keratoplasty: definition

A
  • replacement of scarred or diseased cornea with clear corneal tissue from deceased donor
  • aka corneal transplantation/corneal grafting
29
Q

keratoplasty: penetrating keratoplasty

A

entails replacement of full thickness of cornea

30
Q

keratoplasty: radial keratotomy

A

means of correcting myopia

series of spoke-like, partial thickness radial incisions, in order to allow central cornea to flatten.

31
Q

keratoplasty: instrumentation

A

TREPHINE used to make circular incisions

32
Q

keratoplasty: pathophysiology

A

KERATOCONUS: thinning & cone shaped protrusion of central cornea
HERPETIC KERATITIS: herpes simplex eye infection
CORNEAL SCARRING

33
Q

scleral buckling: definition

A

procedure used to treat detached retina by wrapping and cinching globe with silastic band in an attempt to drain/reattache retina

34
Q

scleral buckling: cryoretinopexy

A

use of CRYOTHERMY probe to seal a retinal tear and tack down retina by creating series of cold burns working as spot welds

35
Q

strabismus correction: resection

A

used to STRENGTHEN weak extra ocular muscle

tuck procedure

36
Q

strabismus correction: recession

A

used to WEAKEN overactive extraocular muscle

  • myectomy procedure*
  • myotomy procedure*
37
Q

strabismus correction: exotropia

A

one eye deviates laterally “wall eye”

38
Q

strabismus correction: esotropia

A

one eye deviates medially

39
Q

strabismus correction: instrumentation

A

jameson muscle hook is used to isolate lateral rectus ensuring muscle is free of the sclera

40
Q

vitrectomy: definition

A

partial or total removal of vitreous body along with vitrea; opacities

41
Q

vitrectomy: posterior vitrectomy

A

performed through micro incisions through posterior cavity

42
Q

vitrectomy: anterior vitrectomy

A

performed through micro incisions of posterior cavity or through paracentesis incisions in peripheral cornea of the anterior cavity

43
Q

vitrectomy: instrumentation

A

endoilluminator fiberoptic light source

Surgical Procedures 1 (12 decks)

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