Ophthalmic Arteries

Question 1

Ophthalmic artery overall supplies the

Answer 1

Globe and adnexa (Eyelashes, EOMs, lacrimal gland)

Question 2

After the internal artery enters the cerebrum, the ophthalmic artery is the ___ major branch of the cerebral portion.

Answer 2

first

Question 3

How does the ophthalmic artery enter the orbit

Answer 3

The ophthalmic artery travels with the dural sheath of the optic nerve and then emerges. It courses inferior and lateral for a short distance and then crosses over or under the ON and heads anterior and medially. It travels between the superior oblique and medial rectus before piercing through the orbital septum. Along the way, it gives off 10 branches

Question 4

Lacrimal artery course.

Answer 4

Branches from the ophthalmic artery after it enters the orbit. Courses anterior and lateral along the upper boarder of the lateral rectus. It supplies the lacrimal gland.

It pierces through the orbital septum to enter the UL and LL as the lateral palpebral arteries.

Question 5

Where do the lateral and medial palpebral arteries come from and what do they form?

Answer 5

The lateral palpebral arteries emerge from the lacrimal branch, once it pierces through the orbital septum on the upper and lower lid.

Th medial palpebral arteries emerge directly from the ophthalmic artery once it pierces through the orbital septum on the upper and lower lid.

The 4 branches anostemose together to form the palpebral arcade, which supplies the eyelids, palpebral, and forniceal conjunctiva

Question 6

What are the four sections of the palpebral arcade?

Answer 6

Superior peripheral
Superior marginal

Inferior marginal
Inferior peripheral

The marginal arcades are anterior to the tarsal plate and supply the margin of the UL and LL.

The peripheral arcades are anterior to muller’s muscle and supply the UL and LL near the peripheral edge of the tarsal plate and fornical conjunctiva.

Both supply the cornea when the eyelids are protracted (closed) like when you’re sleeping

Question 7

Normal variation is lack of ___ arcade in the __ lid

Answer 7

Peripheral arcade in the lower lid

Question 8

How many muscular arteries branch off the ophthalmic?

Answer 8

usually 2. Lateral and medial or superior and inferior.

Question 9

Course of the muscular arteries

Answer 9

Branch from the ophthalmic after it enters the orbit.

Vessels supplying the rectus muscles continue anterior as the anterior ciliary arteries (~7)

Question 10

The anterior ciliary arteries that branch off the muscular arteries forms

Answer 10

The episcleral arterial circle, which is located in the epislera and is a capillary plexus that supplies all layers of the sclera (episclera, stroma, and lamina fusca)

Question 11

Which vessels of the episcleral arterial circle are moveable?

Answer 11

The superficial capillary plexus is mobile with movement of the conj. The deep capillary plexus is firmly anchored into sclera stroma and is not mobile.

Both are visible through the transparent conj.

Inflammation is the superficial plexus? can use drop.
Inflammation in the inferior plexus? have to use oral med

Question 12

The episcleral arterial circle, which is formed by the anterior ciliary arteries of the muscular artery, continues anteriorly to form ____

Answer 12

limbal vessels. Limbal vessels supply the limbus and peripheral cornea.

Question 13

Which two arteries supply the outer 1/3 of the anterior choroid?

Answer 13

Anterior ciliary arteries (there are 7 that branch from the ophthalmic)

long posterior ciliary arteries (travel in the suprachoroidal space and travel to the ora serrata)

Question 14

Which artery supplies the posterior choroid?

Answer 14

The short posterior ciliary arteries

Question 15

Long posterior ciliary arteries (2, lateral and medial)

Answer 15

Branch from the ophthalmic artery after it enters the orbit.
Pierces the sclera anteriorly, within the suprachoroid. At ora serrata, each long posterior ciliary artery gives off 3-5 branches. They anastomose with the anterior ciliary arteries of the muscular artery.

Forms the anterior choroid near the ora serrata, which supplies the outer 1/3 of the anterior retina. Anastomoses with the posterior retina.

Question 16

Short posterior ciliary arteries (1, 2, or 3 branches)

Answer 16

Brach from the ophthalmic artery after it enters the orbit. Each of the posterior ciliary arteries give off 10-20 branches that pierce the sclera all around the optic nerve.

Most branches travel within the suprachoroidal space and form the posterior choroid. Creates Haller’s, Satler’s and choriocapilaris.
Supplies the outer 1/3 of the posterior retina.
Anastomoses with the anterior choroid.