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► Med - Step 2 > Ophtalmology > Flashcards

Ophtalmology Flashcards

1
Q

middle aaged man who has to hold books at an arm legnth to read DX

A

presbyopia

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2
Q

physiopatho of presbyopia

A

lens elasticity problem

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3
Q

Quid of stye

A

acute small swelling along the margin of upper eyelid

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4
Q

bug causing stye

A

sta[hyolococcal abcess of the eyelid

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5
Q

first line rx of stye or hordeolum

A

warm compress

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6
Q

if failure after 48 h of Rx with warm compress for stye next step(2)

A

incision

drainage

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7
Q

visual loss with sensation of a curtain falling down

A

amaurosis fugax

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8
Q

cause of amaurosis fugax

A

retinal artery emboli(atherosclerosis)

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9
Q

clue for retinal artery emboli

A

zone of whitened edematous retina following distribution of retinal arterioles

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10
Q

clue primary open glaucoma(2)

A

cupping of the optic disc

constricted peripheral vision

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11
Q

rx of primary open glaucoma

A

timolol

laser trabeculoplasty

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12
Q

failure with laser trabeculoplasty in primary open glaucoma

A

surgical trabeculotomy

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13
Q

conditions predisposing to subconjonctival hemorrage(4)

A

rubbing eyes vigorously
coughing spell
HTA
coagulopathy

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14
Q

patient with grippe develops dischrage in the eye dx

A

viral conjonctivitis

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15
Q

rx of viral conjonctivitis(2)

A

cold and moist compresses

or antihistaminic

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16
Q

purulent discharge in eyes

A

bacterial conjonctivitis

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17
Q

bug involved in viral conjunctivitis

A

adenovirus

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18
Q

rx of bacterial conjuntivitis in lens wearer

A

quinolones

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19
Q

patietn with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia develops loss of vision why(2)

A

hyperosmolarity causes intraaccular hypotension

myopic increase in lens thickness

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20
Q

hiv patient with painfull loss of vision

A

HSV retinitis

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21
Q

painless keratinitis and retinitis in HIV patient bug in cause

A

CMV

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22
Q

sudden loss of vision with dilated pupil , painfull

A

acute angle closure glaucoma

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23
Q

rx of acute angle closure glaucoma

A

acetazolamide

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24
Q

definitive rx of acute angle closure glaucoma

A

laser peripheral iridotomy

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25
lens wearer with red eyes bug en cause(2)
pseudomonas | serratia
26
quid of conjounctivitis in lens wearer(3)
medical emergency remove lens topical antibio
27
med used to reduce intraoccular pressure in glaucoma(4)
mannitol acetazolamide timolol pilocarpine
28
what drug should not be used in glaucoma
atropine
29
why atropine should not be used in glaucoma(3)
its a mydriatic pupil is in mydriasis during acute glaucoma can worsen glaucoma
30
sudden loss of vision with floating debris on ophtalmoscopy
vitreous hemorrage
31
clue for vitreous hemorrage
fundus difficult to visualize
32
female with multiple neurologic presentation that interspaced between time periods and eye problem
Multiple sclerosis
33
eye problem in MS
optic neuritis
34
diabetic with decreased of vision acuity next step
ophtalmoscopy
35
ophtalmoscopy in diabetic patient(3)
simple retinopathy proliferative retinopathy proliferative and malignant retinopathy
36
stage 1 retinopathy in diabetics(3)
microaneurism hemorrages exsudates and retinal edema
37
stage 2 retinopathy in diabetics
cotton wool spots
38
stage 3 retinopathy in diabetics
newly form vessels
39
how to prevent complication in diabetic retinopathy
argon laser photocoagulation
40
sensation of curtain coming down in front of eyes what to check?
retine
41
clue for retinal detachment
flashes of light (photopsia) | floaters
42
quid of photopsia
flashes of light
43
quid of floaters
spots in the visual field
44
layers of retina(3)
choroid neurosensory retina retinal pigment epithelium
45
clue for dacryocystitis
press the medial canthus pus is seen
46
bacteria causing dacryocystitis(2)
staph aureus | B hemolytic strep
47
loss of central vision in patient > 50 ans dx
macular degeneration
48
how's navigationnal vision in macular degeneration
it's not affected
49
clue optic neuritis(3)
colors are washed out pain with one eye movement central scotoma
50
disease associated with clue optic neuritis
MS
51
hiv patient develops yellow white pathes of retinal opacification and hemorrages ,no pain low cd4 dx
retinitis a CMV
52
next step in intra occular foreign body(3)
fluorescein test and wood lamp examination or slit lamp
53
patient with watering red eyes vesicles and dendritic ulcer on cornea dx
keratite herpetic
54
clue varicella zoster in eye(2)
ocular sign plus | periorbital vesicles
55
clue for central vein occlusion in fundoscopy(5)
``` on fundoscopy blood and thunder appearance optic disk swelling retinal hemerrage dilated veins cotton wool spots ```
56
clue for central artery occlusion in fundoscopy(3)
painless loss of vision pallor of the optic disk cherry red fovea box car segmentation of blood in the retinal veins
57
loss of vision in central vein occlusion
painful
58
loss of vision in central artery occlusion
painless
59
risk factor for central vein thrombosis(4)
coagulopathy hyperviscosity chronic gluacoma atherosclerotic risk factor
60
clue for herpes zoster infection in eye(2)
trigeminal distribution rash plus occular involvement
61
quid of sympathetic ophtalmia
damage of one eye after penetrating injury of the other eye
62
cause of sympathetic ophtalmia
uncovering of hiddens antigens(recognition)
63
clue for macular degeneration
distorsion of straight lines such that they appear wavy
64
risk factor for macular degeneration(2)
age | smoking
65
test for macular degeneration
grid test
66
first cause f blindness in industrialised country
macular degeneration
67
management of central retinal vein occlusion
occular massage and huigh flow o2
68
anatomy of carotid int(2)
artere ophtalmic------artere ciliare | -------- central artere retinienne
69
role of central retinal artery
supply inner retina
70
role of ciliary branches(2)
supply choroid | ant portion of the globe
71
patient develops swollen eyelids ,edematous conjonctiva and exsudates in the ant chamber after surgery for cataract
post op endophtalmitis
72
most common form of endophtalmis
post op endophtalmitis
73
patient with history of asthma and allergy develops itching of eyes
allergic conjonctivitis
74
patient with cafe au lait spot develops decrease in vision exophtalmos(2)
optic glioma | neurofibromatosis type 1
75
quid of cataract
lens opacification
76
rx of cataract(3)
phacoemulsification intracapsular cataract extraction extracapsular cataract extraction
77
why you have vision impairement in keratoconjunctivitis
corneal involvement
78
clue for retinal emboli
it's like a curtain falling down
79
patient with glucose in urine develops blurred vision ,why?
it's a diabetic with hyperosmolar state
80
keratitis with VZV and HSV
Painfull
81
painless retinitis not associated with keratitis orconjunctivitis
CMV retinitis
82
clue CMV on fundoscopy(2)
hemorrages | fluffy or granular lesions around the retinal vessels
83
risk factor for vitreous hemorrage
diabetic retinopathy
84
2 types of presentation of glaucoma
primary open angle glaucoma | acute angle closure glaucoma
85
primary open angle glaucoma(2)
gradual loss of peripheral vision | over years tunnel vision
86
influenza in USMLE(3)
rhinorrhea mild sore throat fever
87
acute angle closure glaucome clue(5)
``` eye pain in dark space stress after taking drug while fixing light bulb ```
88
grid test in macular degeneration
straight lines become curved

► Med - Step 2 (20 decks)

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