Operative Dent Session 4 Flashcards
what are the 5 types of hand dental instruments
cutting
carving
burnishing
condensing
miscellaneous
what are the rotary instruments
dental handpieces
burs
rubber polishing points
stones
disks
what are the 3 parts of a hand instrument
1) blade (working end)
2) shank (in between blade and shaft)
3) handle (shaft)
describe the 3 number formula and cutting edge
1st: width of blade in tenths of mm
2nd: length of blade in mm
3rd: angulation of blade in centigrade degrees to long axis of handle
- always at a right angle to the long axis of the blade
describe the 4 number formula and cutting edge
1: width of blade in tenths of mm
2: angulation of cutting edge in centigrade degrees to long axis of the blade
3: length of blade in mm
4: angulation of blade in centigrade degrees to long axis of handle
describe the utilization of the mouth mirror
indirect vision and retraction of soft tissues to improve access or vision
describe the utilization of the explorer. what are the 2 ends?
verify margins of restoration, cavitation proximally and on smooth surfaces, diameter of explorer tip is 0.5mm
- cow horn end and shepard’s hook end
describe the utilization of the probe
- measure pocket depths
- 3mm increments and 1 mm increments
- verify cavitation pits and fissures
what are the types of cutters
- spoon excavators
- hatchets
- chisels
- gingival marginal trimmer
describe the utilization of the small/ large spoon excavator
- they’re the same
- used to remove soft caries
- scooping motion for decay
- more tactile sensation and more delicate than a bur
describe the utilization of the small hatchet
10-7-14
- planning and smoothing enamel walls and floors during cavity prep
- scraping undermined enamel
- sharpening internal line angles
describe the utilization of the chisel
15-8-8
- planning and smoothing enamel walls and floors during cavity prep
- scraping undermined enamel
- sharpening internal line angles
what are the 5 carvers
1) de meo carver/ interproximal
2) hollenbeck carver
3) small discoid- cleoid
4) large discoid- cleoid
5) interproximal amalgam carver/ double ended plastic instrument
what are the 2 burnishers
- beavertail & acorn burnisher
- ball burnisher
which are the 3 composite instruments
1) A6 XTS plastic filling double end
2) W3 composite instrument
3) mini 1 goldstein flexi- thin composite instrument
what are the amalgam placement instruments
- matrix band holder/ tofflemire
- amalgam carrier
- amalgam well
what are the 2 packers
plugger
condenser
what are the miscellaneous items
cement spatula/ liner applicator
cotton pliers (cotton forceps)
articulating paper forceps
scissors
hemostat
2 inch mirror
what comes in the rubber dam cassette
1) clamp forceps
2) clamp punch
3) metal frame
4) clamps
what are the two types of attachments for slow speed handpieces
latch type (larger hole)
friction grip (smaller hole)
tell me about burs
- used for cutting and finishing tooth structure and restorative materials
- tungsten carbide vs. diamond
- cutting vs. polishing
what are the 3 sections of the bur
1) head, working part
- round, pear, inverted cone, straight, tapered, football
2) neck, connecting part
3) shank, fits into handpiece
- straight, latch type, or friction
describe the difference between carbide cutting and carbide finishing burs
- the more flutes the less tooth structure is removed
- cutting burs: 4-6 flutes
- finishing: 12-30
what are some key notes about tungsten carbide
” “ added to steel, can dull easily, cutting and finishing, produces a smoother finish
what are some key notes about diamond burs
abrade everything, grinding and finishing, more heat, rougher finish
what are the 6 bur types and colors
black- super coarse
green- coarse
blue- medium
red- fine
yellow- super fine
white- ultra fine
what are the coolants
air, water, air & water spray
what is the summary of correct ergonomics for magnification and lighting
- mirror on upper teeth & as light reflector
- acquire additional light source
- use best fiberoptic handpiece
- use corrected 2x loupe
- neck flexion < 20 degrees
what is the summary for ergonomic chair posture
- patient’s chair positioned for convenience, not too high
- ask patient to move head
-feet flat on floor - butt against back of chair
- no twisting
what are important finger rest rules
- always have a finger rest!!!
- should be on a teeth, not lips or cheek, and avoid gums/ opposing arch
- keep finger rest on same arch
how should bur be aligned
parallel to long axis of the tooth
what is the biggest reason for early retirement among dentists
musculoskeletal disorders (30%)
what do workplace related risks rely on
intensity, frequency, and duration of exposure to conditions
where should you be sitting when working on mandibular posterior
9 o clock
where should you be sitting when working on maxillary posterior
11 o clock
where should you be sitting when working on maxillary anterior
12
where should you be sitting when working on maxillary anterior
8-9
how should the patient’s head be tilted for the mandibular arch? maxillary arch?
mandibular: chin-down (chin lower than nose level)
maxillary: chin up (nose and chin approx. level
what kind of lubricant is used for rubber dam placement
water- soluble*
how do you place a rubber dam frame on a patient
open end towards nose, closed end towards chin
where should the points/ prongs of the clamp contact
the line angles of the tooth
what are the steps of the “clamp placed first” placement of a rubber dam
1) draw out template, punch holes for teeth
2) lubricate dam
3) select the retainer and tie floss around bow
5) use forceps to clamp holes, positions the lingual jaw first then facial
6) pull floss thru, stretch dam over bow, use instruments to stretch dam over wings
7) pass dam over anterior anchor tooth
8) floss between contacts, and use plastic instrument to invert
