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Fundamentals of Patient Management > Operative Dent Session 3 > Flashcards

Operative Dent Session 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is operative dentistry

A

the art and science of the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of defects in the enamel, dentin, and cementum of teeth
- foundation of dentistry and base from which other aspects evolved

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2
Q

what are the 5 purposes of operative dentistry

A

diagnosis, prevention, interception, preservation (minimally invasive), and resoration

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3
Q

what are the 4 types of tooth destruction

A

caries, tooth wear, trauma, developmental defects

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4
Q

what services do we provide

A

diet and caries counseling, cleanings, fluoride & preventative treatments, composite build ups, tooth whitening, porcelain veneers

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5
Q

what are the first 7 rules of sim clinic

A

1) keep your unit clean
2) keep your instruments organized
3) correct patient position and posture
4) Listen to instructions
5) always use rubber dam, if torn reapply
6) do not leave before you are done w/ the exercise of the day (good quality)
7) if you need to redo, get approval

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5
Q

what are the types of materials we have for fillings/ crowns

A

sealants, amalgam, composite resin, gold, cuspal coverage, porcelain onlays

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5
Q

what are general tasks we will do in sim clinic

A

practice psychomotor skills, perform procedures, use a clinically relevant approach

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5
Q

what are the second 7 rules of sim clinic

A

8) before getting a new tooth, let instructor know what went wrong and how to fix
9) if you injure adjacent tooth, have to redo entire procedure
10) no material waste!!
11) minimally acceptable is NOT acceptable
12) will have to redo some procedures, don’t take it personal
13) many different ways to do things, respect suggestions and try them
14) questions are welcome always

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5
Q

define carie

A

commonly used for tooth decay

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5
Q

define carious lesion

A

cavity caused by caries

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5
Q

define cavity

A

missing tooth structure, may be due to decay, erosion, or abrasion

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5
Q

what is decay

A

lay term for caries

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5
Q

what is a filling

A

lay term for restoring of lost tooth structure by using materials such as metal, alloy, plastic or porcelain

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5
Q

what is a preparation

A

mechanical alteration of a defective, injured, or diseased tooth to receive restorative treatment

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6
Q

what is the anatomical crown

A

part of the tooth that is covered by enamel. it is up to the cementoenamel junction

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7
Q

what is the clinical crown

A

part that is visible in the oral cavity

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8
Q

which organic items make up the hard tissue composition

A

lipids, proteins, collagen

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9
Q

which inorganic items make up the hard tissue composition

A

carbonated apatite, hydroxy apatite, fluro- apatite

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10
Q

what is the basic unit of tooth enamel

A

enamel rod

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11
Q

what is an enamel rod

A

tightly packed, highly organized mass of hydroxyapatite crystals, hexagonal in shape and provide rigidity and strengthen the enamel

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12
Q

what is perikymata

A

incremental growth line that appear on the surface of tooth enamel as a series of linear grooves aka stria of retzius

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13
Q

what are diffusion channels

A

enamel has these that allow for acid/ ionic exchange

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14
Q

what are the components of enamel? describe each

A
  • enamel rods
  • interrod enamel: located around the rod enamel, same composition as enamel rod, just different direction
  • rod sheath contains proteins, water, and lipids. perpendicular to tooth surface
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15
Q

what is dentin composed of

A

microscopic channels called dentinal tubules, which radiate outward through the dentin from the pulp to the exterior cementum or enamel border

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16
Q

compare the composition of dentin vs. enamel

A
  • hydroxyapatite crystals are 30 times smaller making dentin somewhat softer than enamel
  • dentin is duller and darker in appearance
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17
Q

what is peritubular dentin

A

relatively dense mineralized tissue that surrounds the dentinal tubules, composed of crystals of carbonated/ hydroxy apatite together w/ a small amount of collagen

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18
Q

what is intertubular dentin

A

lies between tubules, less-calcified matrix that consists of some apatite crystals embedded w/in a collagen matrix

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19
Q

what are the 4 types of dentin, describe each

A

primary: first dentin deposited during development
secondary: dentin deposited as a process of normal aging
tertiary: dentin deposited in response to trauma
sclerotic: hyper mineralized dentin, darker, non-carious, not necessary to remove (happens over a very long time)

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20
Q

define pulp

A

connective tissue that contains blood vessels and nerve tissue which occupies the pulp cavity of a tooth

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21
Q

what are the functions of pulp

A

1) formative: generate primary, secondary, and tertiary dentin
2) nutritive: provides vascular supply and transfer medium for metabolic fxns and maintenance of cells and organic matrix
3) sensory: transmits afferent pain sensation
4) protective: coordinates inflammatory responses to injury

22
Q

what is the hydrodynamic theory of pulpal pain

A

inflammation -> swelling of odontoblasts -> occlude dentinal tubules -> increased pressure and sensitivity to fluid movements in the tubules

23
Q

what are the 4 causes of pulpal inflammation

A

1) bacterial influences
2) desiccation (overdrying dentin after etching)
3) heat damage (bur friction, polymerization of temp. & composite materials)
4) osmotic changes (sweets)

24
Q

what are the 4 biomechanical factors affecting pulpal health

A

1) depth and extent of prep
2) bur used (dull)
3) bur rotation (static, too much pressure)
4) use of coolants (H2O)

25
Q

what are the 3 numbering systems

A

1) Palmar notation
2) FDI international
3) universal numbering system

26
Q

describe the palmer notation system

A
  • 4 quadrants, maxillary right and left, mandibular right and left
  • numbering is 1-8 and begins at the midline
27
Q

which numbers belong to the mandibular right area for international numbering

A

25-32

27
Q

describe the FDI international numbering system

A
  • quadrants are numbered 1-4, top right, top left, bottom left, bottom right
  • numbering is 1-8 and begins at the midline
28
Q

which numbers belong to the maxillary left area

A

9-16

29
Q

which numbers belong to mandibular left area

A

17-24

30
Q

which numbers belong to the maxillary right area

A

1-8

31
Q

what are the 7 tooth surfaces

A

1) buccal
2) occlusal
3) mesial
4) facial
5) distal
6) incisal edge
7) lingual

32
Q

which are the two biting surfaces?

A

occlusal and incisal

33
Q

which are the four surfaces of the anterior teeth

A

mesial, distal, facial, palatal

34
Q

what are the tooth surfaces of the posterior teeth

A

mesial, distal, facial, lingual

35
Q

what was the first caries classification and when was it created

A

GV black classes of cavity preparations, 1908

36
Q

describe GV Black class I

A
  • pits and fissures of occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth
  • pits in the occlusal 2/3 of facial and lingual surfaces of molars
37
Q

describe GV Black class II

A

smooth proximal surfaces of posterior teeth

38
Q

describe GV Black class III

A

smooth proximal surfaces of anterior teeth

39
Q

describe GV Black class IV

A

smooth proximal surfaces of anterior teeth, involve the incisal edge as well

40
Q

which are the anterior teeth

A

incisors and canines

41
Q

which are the posterior teeth

A

premolars and molars

42
Q

describe GV Black class V

A

smooth surfaces of all teeth in gingival 1/3 of facial and lingual surfaces

43
Q

describe GV Black class VI

A

incisal edges of anterior teeth and occlusal cusp tips of posterior teeth

44
Q

what is ICDAS? what did it do?

A
  • international caries detection and assessment system
  • in 2004 updated caries classification to 0-6 scores
45
Q

what is ICDAS score 0

A

no or slight change in enamel translucency after 5 s air drying

46
Q

what is ICDAS score 1

A

first visual change in enamel (only seen after prolonged air drying, and w/in pit or fissure)

47
Q

what is ICDAS score 2

A

distinct visual changes in enamel

48
Q

what is ICDAS score 3

A

localized enamel breakdown in opaque or discolored enamel (no visual signs of dentinal involvement)

49
Q

what is ICDAS score 4

A

underlying dark shadow from dentine

50
Q

what is ICDAS score 5

A

distinct cavity w visible dentin

51
Q

what is ICDAS score 6

A

extensive distinct cavity w visible dentin (more than half of the surface)

52
Q

what is ICDAS radiographic score 0

A

no radiolucency

53
Q

what is ICDAS radiographic score RA1

A

initial stage: radiolucency in the outer 1/2 of the enamel

54
Q

what is ICDAS radiographic score RA2

A

initial stage: radiolucency in the inner 1/2 of the enamel +/- enamel-dentin junction

55
Q

what is ICDAS radiographic score RA3

A

initial stage: radiolucency limited to the outer 1/3 of dentin

56
Q

what is ICDAS radiographic score RB4

A

moderate: radiolucency reaching the middle 1/3 of dentine

57
Q

what is ICDAS radiographic score RC5

A

extensive: radiolucency reaching the inner 1/3 of dentin, clinically cavitated

58
Q

what is ICDAS radiographic score RC6

A

extensive: radiolucency into the pulp, clinically cavitated

59
Q

what is the ICCMS

A

international caries classification and management system

60
Q

what are the 5 components of the ICCMS

A

history, classification, decision making, management, and risk- based

61
Q

what diagnostic data is needed

A

caries risk assessment
medical and dental history
occlusion
diet
patient exam and charting
intra and extra oral exam

62
Q

what are the methods of pulp vitality testing

A
  • electric (EPT)
  • temperature (cold test)
63
Q

what are the 3 phases after identifying caries risk

A

phase I: emergencies, infections, prevention, gingival health, sealants
phase II: simple restorations
phase III: complex restorations

Fundamentals of Patient Management (10 decks)

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