Operations Research

Question 1

It is applied to problems that concern how to conduct and cooperate the operations in an organization.

Answer 1

Operations Research

Question 2

OR introduced by _________ during _________ in 1937 and was developed in ___________.

Answer 2

PMS Blackett, WW2, 1942

Question 3

2 factors that played a key role in the rapid growth of OR.

Answer 3

Substantial Progress
Onslaught of Computer Revolution

Question 4

He developed the Simplex Method for solving linear programming problems.

Answer 4

George Dantzig

Question 5

OR involves “research on operations”. Thus, it is applied to problems that concern how to conduct and coordinate the operations.

Answer 5

Nature of OR

Question 6

Overview of OR Modeling Approach

Answer 6

1. Define the Problem of Interest and Gather Relevant Data
2. Formulating a Mathematical Model to Represent the Problem
3. Develop a Computer-based Procedure for Deriving Solutions to the Problem from the Model
4. Test the Model and Refine it as Needed.
5. Prepare for the Ongoing Application of the Model as Prescribed by Management.
6. Implementation

Question 7

Steps in defining the problem and gathering data.

Answer 7

Determine appropriate objectives
Constraints
Interrelationships
Possible alternative actions
Time limits

Question 8

Its a variable in whose respective values are to be determined.

Answer 8

Decision Variables

Question 9

It is the appropriate performance that is expressed as a mathematical function of the decision variables.
Constructing this is also a crucial step in the formulating of an OR model.

Answer 9

Objective Function

Question 10

It is any restriction on the values that can be assigned to the decision variables that is expressed mathematically, typically by means of inequalities or equations.

Answer 10

Constraints

Question 11

The constants in the constraints and objective function.

Answer 11

Parameters

Question 12

He points out the ___________ is much more prevalent than optimizing in an actual practice.

Answer 12

Herbert Simon, Satisficing

Question 13

Satisficing is a combination of what word?

Answer 13

Satisfactory and Optimizing

Question 14

“Optimizing is the science of the ultimate, satisficing is the art of the feasible.”

Answer 14

Samuel Eilon

Question 15

It is an intuitively designed procedures that do not guarantee an optimal solution.

Answer 15

Heuristic Procedure

Question 16

An analysis done after finding an optimal solution, a very important part of most OR studies.

Answer 16

Postoptimal analysis or What-if analysis

Question 17

Postoptimal analysis involves ________ to determine which parameters of the model are most critical in determining the solution.

Answer 17

Sensitive analysis

Question 18

This are parameters whose value cannot be changed without changing the optimal solution.

Answer 18

Sensitive parameters

Question 19

The process of testing and improving a model to increase its validity.

Answer 19

Model Validation

Question 20

This phase is a critical one because it is here that the benefits of the study are reaped.

Answer 20

Implementation

Question 21

It uses a mathematical model to describe the problem of concern

Answer 21

Linear Programming

Question 22

It means that all mathematical functions in the model are required to be linear functions.

Answer 22

Linear

Question 23

The word programming does not refer to computer programming; rather it is essentially a synonym for ___________.

Answer 23

Planning

Question 24

This is a procedure that is available for solving linear programming problems of an even enormous size.

Answer 24

Simplex Method

Question 25

IFORS

Answer 25

International Federation of Operational Research Societies

Question 26

INFORMS

Answer 26

Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences

Question 27

This test involves using historical data to reconstruct the past and then determining how well the model and the resulting solution would have performed if they had been used.

Answer 27

Retrospective Test