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3rd 1 > Ethics > Flashcards

Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

It means love for wisdom.

A

Philosophy

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2
Q

Who coined Philosophy?

A

Pythagoras

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3
Q

2 Greek words which Philosophy came from

A

Philos (love) & Sophia (wisdom)

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4
Q

3 classifications of love.

A

Eros (romantic love)
Agape (selfless love)
Philia (affectionate love)

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5
Q

Passionate love for something/someone, sexual desire.

A

Eros (erasthai)

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6
Q

Love of God for men, selfless love.

A

Agape

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7
Q

Love that seek truth/appreciation of the other, of person or of reality.

A

Philia

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8
Q

Major disciplines of Philosophy.

A

Logic
Epistemology
Metaphysics
Aesthetics
Cosmology
Theodicy
Social Philosophy
Ethics

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9
Q

The study of right and sound reasoning.

A

Logic

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10
Q

The study of the validity of knowledge

A

Epistemology

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11
Q

Seeks to explain the fundamental concepts of being.

A

Metaphysics

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12
Q

The philosophical study of beauty.

A

Aesthetics

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13
Q

The study of real things in the universe.

A

Cosmology

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14
Q

The study of God and his nature.

A

Theodicy

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15
Q

The study of human and their relation to society.

A

Social Philosophy

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16
Q

This examines the rational justification for our moral judgments; it studies what is morally right or wrong, just or unjust. In a broader sense, it reflects on human beings and their interaction with nature and with other humans, on freedom, on responsibility and on justice.

A

Ethics

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17
Q

Greek word for ethics.

A

Ethos or ethikos meaning character

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18
Q

Imperatives of ethics

A

Human freedom
Existence of God
Immortality of the Souls

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19
Q

It refers to the social, cultural, and religious beliefs/values practiced overtime by individuals/groups.

A

Moral

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20
Q

Both discusses truths about the universe.

A

Philosophy and Science

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21
Q

The latter serves as the breeding ground of philosophy while the former defines history and interprets it.

A

Philosophy and History

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22
Q

Both are logical bodies of knowledge (works of/or according to rules, has clear and sound reasoning, rational).

A

Philosophy and Mathematics

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23
Q

One justifies the other.

A

Philosophy and Religion

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24
Q

5 ethical principles

A

Truthfulness/Honesty
Loyalty
Respect
Fairness
Integrity

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25
Q

EP: Among the basic principle of natural moral law.

A

Truthfulness/Honesty

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26
Q

EP: The willing, practical, and thorough going devotion of a person to a cause.

A

Loyalty

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27
Q

EP: Respect for a person

A

Respect

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28
Q

EP: Equity, respect, justice, and stewardship of the shared world.

A

Fairness

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29
Q

EP: Imposes an obligation on all individuals to be straightforward and honest in all professional and business relationships.

A

Integrity

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30
Q

It is a difficult situation in which an individual is confronted to choose between two or more alternative actions to resolve the problem. Dealing with tough, undesirable, and significant choices.

A

Dilemma

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31
Q

3 types of moral dilemma

A

Personal Dilemma
Organizational Dilemma
Systematic Dilemma

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32
Q

Defined as any situation in which the person making the decision experiences a conflict between the moral rightness of a decision and the quality of the results it produces.

A

Moral Dilemma

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33
Q

These are situations in which an individual has a choice to be made between two options, neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable fashion.

A

Personal Dilemma

34
Q

Are the principals and standards by which businesses operate, according to Reference for Business. They are best demonstrated through acts of fairness, compassion, integrity, honor, and responsibility.

A

Organizational Dilemma

35
Q

This is a moral dilemma that occurs at a macro level. Factors such as political pressures, economic conditions, societal attitudes, government regulations and policies may bring about a moral dilemma.

A

Systematic Dilemma

36
Q

He claims that freedom is the source of all value (because it is what makes human moral choice and responsibility possible, without our freedom to create boundaries and structure, there is no rules and responsibility).

A

Immanuel Kant

37
Q

He showed that human is free physically yet bound to obey its law.

A

Saint Augustine

38
Q

He claims that the principle of freedom is a must — refusal to recognize this principle will have serious consequences to the issue of world peace.

A

Gorbachev

39
Q

This person explains that no ethics is likewise possible without human freedom (human beings are accountable for their actions).

A

Quito

40
Q

Enables us to think and reflect over actions that we intend to do and decide which of them to take.

A

Reason

41
Q

A principle of justice holding that decisions or judgement on something or someone should be objective not on the basis of bias or prejudice to favor someone irrationally.

A

Impartiality

42
Q

A being who is capable of acting with reference to right or wrong.

A

Moral Agent

43
Q

It is an aggregate of beliefs, attitudes, etc which can be viewed as a “blessing” and a preserver of values, heritage, arts, and good behavior.

A

Culture

44
Q

Is linked with the elite upper class society, those families and individuals with an ascribed status position. It is often associated with the arts such as opera, ballet, classical music, and sports such as polo.

A

High Culture

45
Q

Is a concept relating to culturally embedded differences within society. It is the fact that different cultures exist alongside each other.

A

Cultural Diversity

46
Q

A culture enjoyed by a small group of people within society. In this sense it is a minority part of majority culture. They have distinct norms and values which make them sub-section of society.

A

Subculture

47
Q

It borrows the idea from high culture and popularized it, making it available for the masses; a product of the media dominated world, it is a positive force for it brings people of different backgrounds together in a common culture.

A

Popular Culture

48
Q

It is depicted to be very similar to cultural diversity, other definitions align with this culture with different ethnic groups living alongside each other.

A

Multiculturalism

49
Q

Is a key feature of globalization, they emerged due to patterns of migration, trends in international travel and the spread of the media, exposing people to the same images of the same dominant world companies.

A

Global Culture

50
Q

4 importance of culture

A

Culture affects perceptions
Culture influences behavior
Culture shapes personalities
Culture shapes our value and belief systems

51
Q

Are what one believes to be the right things to do.

A

Moral Behavior

52
Q

The principle of regarding the beliefs, values, and practices of a culture from the viewpoint of that culture itself.

A

Cultural Relativism

53
Q

The view of moral judgement are true or false only relative to some particular standpoint.

A

Moral Relativism

54
Q

It is an instruction that tells us what we are allowed to do and not to do.

A

Rules

55
Q

3 classifications of Men

A

Lovers of Pleasure
Lovers of Success
Lovers of Wisdom

56
Q

Concerned with/relating to human behavior especially the distinction of good and bad or right or wrong. It is associated with special emotions and vocabulary.

A

Moral Standard

57
Q

Rules that are unrelated to moral/ethical consideration.

A

Non-moral Standard

58
Q

It is a principle that when followed, it promotes values such as honesty, patience, respect, and kindness.

A

Ethical Standard

59
Q

It shapes the character in Southeast Asia as Christianity does in Europe.

A

Buddhism

60
Q

It encourages its practitioners to keep their emotions and passions in check and stresses karma over determination, which often means people are more willing to accept their lot in life and is sometimes viewed by Westerners as a lack of ambition or unwillingness to work hard to improve their positions in life.

A

Theravada Buddhism

61
Q

It means that individuals should determine for themselves what it means to lead a good and virtuous life

A

Moral Freedom

62
Q

A system of codes that gives the world meaning and shapes the behavior of people.

A

Culture

63
Q

A way to Participate in Christ’s sacrifice; people who engage in these practices come from the more traditional communities influenced by Spanish-style Catholicism

A

Animistic Worldview

64
Q

The question of good and evil arise when people need to act as free persons.

A

Ethical Norms

65
Q

When there are free acts that involve a person’s desire to realize the Good.

A

Ethical Reflection

66
Q

Defined by an ought that is not measured by how practical results are achieved but by how human beings act.

A

Free Action

67
Q

Complex beings, experiencing the world in a variety of ways through a variety of perspective capacities.

A

Human Beings

68
Q

Sets the course for making ethical and impartial decisions A reliable ground for moral judgment.

A

Reason

69
Q

preoccupied and obsessed with the pursuit of their own comfort, pleasure, and happiness. Philedonos

A

Lovers of Pleasure

70
Q

It suggests a strong desire for accomplishment and a commitment to making progress and achieving one’s ambitions.

A

Lovers of Success

71
Q

Someone who seeks knowledge and understanding about the fundamental questions of life, reality, knowledge, and existence.
Philosophers

A

Lovers of Wisdom

72
Q

This type of moral dilemma is when the person has no idea which option is the most morally acceptable. Although in many moral dilemmas it can be somewhat clear which option should take precedence, this moral dilemma, the matter is ambiguous.

A

Epistemic Dilemma

73
Q

This is a moral dilemma in which the options available are equal in every respect. The person knows and has a clear understanding that both options are equivalent. Most experts on morality agree that this moral dilemmas are genuine dilemmas.

A

Ontological Moral Dilemma

74
Q

3 Kinds of Moral Relativism

A

Descriptive Moral Relativism
Meta-ethical Moral Relativism
Normative Moral Relativism

75
Q

A religious belief. A view of how moral views work.

A

Moral Absolutism

76
Q

He referred to philosophy as something obscure, weird, and idiosyncratic.

A

Santiago 1996

77
Q

No one can define philosophy without embracing the ________

A

Universe

78
Q

Philisophy defined in 2 fashions

A

Etymollogically
Classically/Essentially

79
Q

The cornerstone of ethics.

A

Immortality of the Soul

80
Q

It is the salient factor that makes sense in the study of ethics.

A

God’s presence

81
Q

Mos

A

Custom

82
Q

The theory that holds that morality is relative to the norms of one’s culture. That is, wether an action is right or wrong depends on the moral norms of the society in which it is practiced.

A

Ethical Relativism

3rd 1 (7 decks)

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