operations process Flashcards
what are the two types of inputs
transformed resources and transforming resources
what is transformed resources and what r the 3 types
The inputs are changed during the production process. There are three types of transformed resources
1. Materials
2. Information
3. Customers
explain in depth the three types of transformed resources
materials - the raw materials, components, parts and supplies used in operations. there are raw materials and intermediate goods
Information- the knowledge gained from research, investigation and instructions, which results in an increase in understanding. there are two types of info, external and internal data sources
Customers- they become transformed resources when their choices shape inputs. Their desires and preferences act as a transformed resource. businesses try to implement Customer Relationship Management (CRM), The systems that businesses use to maintain customer contact.
What are transforming resources and the two types
Inputs that perform the transformation process (Materials)
- Human resources
- Facilities
what are the two types of transforming resources in depth
human resources are the skills, knowledge, capabilities and labour of people are applied to materials to convert them into goods and services.
two types of facilities - plants, machinery
plants= factory or office
machinery = technology and equipment and the type, amount
what is the transformation process?
The transformation process is the conversion of inputs (resources) into outputs (goods or services). Its processes are those activities that determine how value will be added through the combination of inputs.
what are the types of production?
-job production
-batch production
-flow production
what is job production? and what categorises it
Suits those products and services that require much higher quality and customisation than the standard product.
-more time-consuming because there is greater consultation between the business and the customer.
what is batch production? and what categorises it
Products are made in groups or batches. A good example is a bakery that makes a number of slightly different breads, using the same process and produced in batches of 50 to 200.
what is flow production and what categorises it?
Involves a continuous flow of inputs and outputs through the operations and is often associated with assembly lines. Products tend to have little variation
* high-volume output of a standardised product.
* Labour will be used to supervise equipment.
what are the 4 v’s?
-volume
-variety
-variation in demand
-visibility
4 v’s
what is volume and wat r two types
Volume is the number of products or services produced by the operation.
Mass Production has a high volume and a standardised product and tends to use flow production to achieve economies of scale and lower average costs.
Low-Volume operations, producing only a small number of items, will use much less equipment with the emphasis on multi skilled labour.?
what is a benefit that comes along with higher volumes of products
the ability to use economies of scale. however, this is also a sign to be wary of diseconomies of scale
what is variety and the three types
Variety refers to the number of different models and variations offered by a business in its products or services.
1.Standard products with no variety
2.Standard products with small variety
3.Standard products with wide variety
characterise the three types of variety with aspects
no varierty = mass production, economies of scale
variety a lil = batch production
variety alot = human resources> machinery, highly skilled workers
what is Variation in Demand and the three types
Businesses need to be able to react quickly to an increase in demand. Materials may need to be stocked, and businesses need to maintain good relationships with suppliers so that new materials can be quickly acquired.
-constant demand
-seasonal demand
-unpredictable demand
4 v’s
what is Visibility
Service based businesses will have a higher level of visibility compared to manufacturing businesses.
- Operations will need to have well trained, highly skilled, adaptable staff who are able to handle the individual needs of customers (human resources function is essential)
- Speed of operations will also be essential as customers usually have a low tolerance for waiting. If customer ordering and delivery is delayed it may cause the customer to change to a competitor
4 v’s
what characterises the establishment stage for a business
slow growth in demand and volume
-higher level of customisation or changes in design.