operating systems

Question 1

which file system is running on my PC?

Answer 1

btrfs

Question 1

Aus welchen zwei Teilen besteht eine CPU?

Answer 1

Rechenwerk & Steuerwerk

Question 2

what is FAT?

Answer 2

File Allocation Table -> a part of a file system, where the location of all files is saved

Question 3

How are directories represented in a file system?

Answer 3

They are a file the contains all inodes and names of the files it includes

Question 4

What is an inode?

Answer 4

the Index node - it contains all Metadata about a file (everything shown by the dir command) except it’s name

Question 5

what is journaling?

Answer 5

When a file system keeps a journal of all file operations it is going to process, in order to maintain data integrity upon a crash

Question 6

What is a cluster in a file system?

Answer 6

The smallest unit a files system addresses. Every file blocks an even number of clusters

Question 7

How many levels of privileges are there on x86 systems? Who is used by what?

Answer 7

4
1: Kernel
3: users

Question 8

Was ist ein Systemaufruf? Wie funktioniert er?

Answer 8

Wenn ein Prozess im Benutzermodus versucht, eine höher privilegierte Aufgabe durchzuführen (z.B. write, chmod, chown, Hardwarezugriffe, auf Terminal zugreifen). Der Benutzerprozess muss dann Kontrolle an den Kernel abgeben, der die Aufgabe durchführt und die Kontrolle zurückgibt