Oogenesis and Spermatogenesis

Question 1

When does oogenesis cease?

Answer 1

Menopause

Question 2

Earliest recognisable germinal cell
Capable of mitosis
Migrate to genital ridge by week 6 of embryo development

Answer 2

Primordial germ cell

Question 3

Completion of last pre-meitoic division forms what?

Answer 3

Oocytes

Question 4

Presence of what signifies sperm entry and the completion of 2nd meiotic division?

Answer 4

2 polar bodies

Question 5

In which phase does the egg mature and become ready for ovulation

Answer 5

Follicular phase

Question 6

What signals the end of the follicular phase?

Answer 6

Ovulation

Question 7

Which phase induces preparation of reproductive tract for pregnancy?
(if fertilisation occurs)

Answer 7

Luteal phase

Question 8

The primary oocyte is surrounded by a layer of which type of cell?

Answer 8

Granulosa cells

-This is called the primary follicle

Question 9

What helps the follicle to differentiate?

Answer 9

Hormonal influence

Question 10

What happens to follicular cells left behind after ovulation?

Answer 10

They undergo luteinisation and transform into the corpus luteum

Question 11

Which hormone is essential for preparation of uterine lining for implantation?

Answer 11

Progesterone (secreted in luteal phase)

Question 12

How many days does the corpus luteum grow for?

Answer 12

8-9 days

if no fertilisation has occured, it wil survive no longer than 14 days after ovulation

Question 13

What signals the start of a new follicular phase?

Answer 13

Degeneration of the corpus luteum

Question 14

Which hormone stimulates secretion of oestradiol and ovulation?

Answer 14

FSH and LH

Question 15

Which hormone stimulates follicle maturation, ovulation and development of corpeus luteum?

Answer 15

LH

Question 16

These cells produce androgen which is converted by the granulosa to oestradiol

Answer 16

Theca cells

Question 17

What does oestradiol do to the endometrium and cervical mucus?

Answer 17

Thickens endometrium and thins cervical mucus

Question 18

Which hormone supresses FSH production

Answer 18

Oestrogen

Question 19

Granulosa in the dominant follicle expresses what receptor?

Answer 19

LH receptor

Question 20

High levels of what hormone at mid cycle cause hypothalamus to release GnRH?

Answer 20

Oestrogen

-causes FSH and LH surge from anterior pituitary

Question 21

When does the follicular fluid and number of granulosa increase?

Answer 21

Ovulation

Question 22

When does the cumulus oophorus loosen?

Answer 22

Ovulation

Question 23

What does the corpeus luteum degenerate into?

Answer 23

Forms the corpus albicans

if there is no hCG production by 12 days the corpus luteum degenerates etc…

Question 24

Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum?

Answer 24

hCG
Produces progesterone to support pregnancy and suppress ovulation

-Around 6 weeks the placenta takes over this role and the corpus luteum degenerates forming the corpus albicans

Question 25

Hormone that stimulates testosterone secretion?

Answer 25

LH

testosterone decreases release of GnRH and LH

Question 26

Which hormones stimulate spermatogenesis?

Answer 26

FSH and testosterone

Question 27

Which hormone decreases secretion of FHS?

Answer 27

Inhibin

Question 28

What do sertoli cell produce?

Answer 28

ABG (androgen binding globulin)
and Inhibin

(sertoli cells found in seminiferous tubule)

Question 29

When is surgical sperm aspiration indicated?

Answer 29

Azoospermia