Ontology And Epistemology

Question 0

Ontological assumptions refer to those views we have about the nature of the ____ and the nature of _____.

Answer 0

world : people

Question 1

Ontology means reality, being or existence; a general view of what ____.

Answer 1

Exists

Question 2

We can roughly equate questions of ontology with questions about the fundamental nature of our worlds, our ____ and about the social face of those realities.

Answer 2

realities

Question 3

It is possible for people to hold differing oncological assumptions, and this means quite different ____ of the nature of reality.

Answer 3

understandings

Question 4

____: the philosophy, theory and study of knowledge. Associated with a complex set of questions about how we come to know something, the constitution of knowledge and the bases on which we can make knowledge claims.

Answer 4

Epistemology

Question 5

Epistemology means ____. Issues include questions about how we may come to know, what constitutes knowledge, what relationship exists between the knower and the knowable, and how reality maybe known.

Answer 5

knowledge

Question 6

Adopting a particular set of ontological assumptions has clear implications for the way in which questions will be addressed at a ____ (epistemological), and ____ (methodological) level.

Answer 6

philosophical : practical

Question 7

The philosophical paradigm critical social psychologists subscribe to is that of ____ ____. This involves working with talk and text as data.

Answer 7

social constructionism

Question 8

At an ontological level social constructionism demands a radical reconceptualisation of the way in which we have understood ____ to operate.

Answer 8

language

Question 9

Epistemologically a social constructionist perspective it involves a radical reorientation of what we consider ____ to be.

Answer 9

knowledge

Question 10

Social constructions resist the common view of language as merely descriptive, neutral and reflective, and set out to explore the ways in which language may be seen as ____, ____ and ____.

Answer 10

constructive, active and dynamic

Question 11

Most simply, constructionists explore the ways in which language is actively involved in the construction of ____ ____.

Answer 11

social reality

Question 12

Constructionism asserts that a ____ ontology provides an important alternative to the exclusively visual reality in which positivism is so deeply embedded.

Answer 12

linguistic

Question 13

Constructionists propose that reality operates at a linguistical level as well as a visual level. In other words, this is an argument which says that what we ___ is just as important as what we ___.

Answer 13

say : see

Question 14

Linguistic ontological beliefs require an intense interest in the ____ of language and the way in which it operates to mediate fundamental social realities.

Answer 14

power

Question 15

The linguistic ontology promoted by critical social psychologist carries with it strong beliefs about the powerful role language plays in determining social ____.

Answer 15

reality

Question 16

This view carries with it epistemological implications concerning the nature of truth and knowledge. Most simply, this means that accepting the role of language in constructing social reality also means acceptance of an alternative foundation for developing ____ of the social realm.

Answer 16

knowledge

Question 17

Language is ____, dynamic and most importantly, it is used to do things.

Answer 17

active

Question 18

The ____ theory of language is based on a rejection of the idea that language has a representational function, or that language provides a simple mirror of the external world. “Language in this sense does not represent but rather gives us our world.”

Answer 18

constitutive

Question 19

The ____ theory of knowledge holds that perception and observation give rise to knowledge.

Answer 19

representational

Question 20

In summary, the world exists, we acquire knowledge of it through observation, and subsequently use ____ to label aspects of that world.

Answer 20

language

Question 21

In concentrating on the literal or descriptive functions of language, traditional social psychologists have been happy to employ language in their manipulations and measures, but have avoided critical or theoretical engagement concerning the wider ____ of language.

Answer 21

role

Question 22

For constructionists knowledge is constructed whenever topics are discovered, label or talked about an everyday ____ between people.

Answer 22

interactions

Question 23

A constructionist tenant is that language is involved on all these epistemological levels, and is inevitably and powerfully involved in the creation of versions of ____.

Answer 23

reality

Question 24

Constructionist epistemology advances the view that our psychological experience is fundamentally constituted in and through ____.

Answer 24

discourse