oncology and palliative care Flashcards
palliative care hyoscine syringe drivers
respiratory secretions: hyoscine hydrobromide
Bowel colic: hyoscine Butylbromide
oral to sub cut potency ration of morphine
1:2 (1:3 Diamorphine)
opioids of choice for pain relief in palliative care patients with severe renal impairment
Oxycodone and methadone
Alfentanil, buprenorphine and fentanyl
breakthrough dose of morphine
1/6 of daily morphine dose
treatment of mausea
ondansetron- chemo 5HT3 (antagonist)
dexamethasone- raised ICP
cyclizine- motion sickness
haloperidol too
terminal agitation rx
subcut midazolam
tx options for metastatic bone pain
radiotherapy, analgeseia, bisphosphonates
intractable hiccups rx
chlorpromazine, haloperidol
tramadol/ cocodamol to morphine conversion factor
divide by 10
Which chemo drug peripheral neuropathy. Urinary hesitancy may develop secondary to bladder atony.
vincristine
chemo drug that causes cardiomyopathy
doxyrubicin
chemo drug- myelosuppresion, oral mucositis, liver fibrosis, hypomagnesaemia
methotrexate
strong family history of breast cancer (mum and maternal aunt)
p53 germline mutation- Li Fraumeni syndrome
alpha fetoprotein is a tumour marker for
hepatocellular carcinoma, teratoma
mx of spinal cord compression
high dose dexamethasone,
radiotherapy/surgery
lung cancer types
squamous- central, PTHrP, clubbing
adenocarcinoma- peripheral, most common in non-smokers
large cell- peripheral, poor prognosis, ?BHCG
small cell- near larger airways, paraneoplastic syndromes
gardners syndrome
autosomal dominant colonic polyps associated with thyroid cancer APC gene on chr 5 most patients undergo colectomy
investigation in female in metastatic disease of unknown primary
ca125
kartageners syndrome
immotile cilia
situs invertus
MEN 2 (PTC)
phaeo (adrenals)
amyloid producing medullary thyroid carcinoma
parathyroid
MEN 1
pituitary, parathyroid, pancreas
chemo drug that causes lung fibrosis
bleomycin- degrades preformed DNA.
cytotoxic antibiotic
calcitonin tumour marker fore
medullary thyroid cancer (parafollicular cells)
brca2 associated with
prostate cancer
cyclophosphamide mechanism and side effect
alkylating agent- cross linking DNA
haemorrhagic cystitis, myelo suppression
PET scan: how does it work and why used
FDG marker, shows glucose uptake. Marker of metabolic activity to find primary and mets
follow up markers for testicular cancer
AFP, BHCG
