Oncology Flashcards
Carcinogen that causes hepatocellular carcinoma
Aflatoxin
AFLatoxin gives you A F*cked Liver (HCC)’
Carcinogen that causes gastric and oesophageal cancer
Nitrosamine
- ‘Nitrosamines are not NIce to swallow (GI)’
Carcinogen that causes transitional cell carcinoma of bladder
Aniline dye
- ‘ANnihilates your bladder’
Carcinogen that causes lung malig or liver angiosarcoma
Arsnic and Vinyl chloride
- ‘Hip Angie (Hepatic Angiosarcoma) put on a VINYL and shook her ARSE
Carcinogen that causes leukaemia
Benzene
Ben and Luke..
What gene defect causes Li-Fraumeni
p53
What is the inheritance of Li-Fraumeni
Autosomal dominant
Malignancies associated with EBV
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Hiv CNS lymphoma
Hairy leukoplakia (mon malig)
Note EBV is part of herpes family
Malignancies of Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Soft tissue sarcomas, breast cancer, glioblastoma, lymphoma, leukaemia
tumour marker for seminoma
hCG is associated with testicular seminomas
tumour marker for schwannomas
s-100
Antibody associated with breast colorectal and SCLC rich gives diffuse hypertonia or stiff persons syndrome
Anti GAD
Antibody associated with ovarian and breast cancer that causes cerebellar syndrome paraneoplastic
Anti yo
Best prognosis in Hodgkin’s lymphoma….
Hodgkin’s lymphoma - best prognosis = lymphocyte predominant
Worst is lymphocyte depleted
Diagnosis for patient presenting with haematuria, loin pain, abdominal mass.. on examination you find a eft varicocele
Renal cell carcinoma… Can have cannonball mets and cause progressive dyspnoea in about 10%
Varococele from occlusion of left testicular vein
Cancer diagnosis with long history of cough/haemoptysis, cherry red ball seen on bronchoscopy
Carcinoid cancer. NOT related to smoking and difficult to see on CXR
good v bad prognostics for ALL
Good - Bad L1 - L3 Low WBC - High Wbc Undiff - B or T differrentiation hyperdiploidy - HYPO diploidy t1:19/11:21 - T9:22 Female - Male 2-10yr - <2 or >10
Tumour marker for peritoneal cancer
Ca125
…as well as ovarian cancer and can be used to monitor response to chemo
What is Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia?
Uncommon condition, seen in older men.
Lymphoplasmacytoid malignancy which secretes monoclonal IgM paraprotein
Weight loss, lethargy, hyperviscosity (e.g. visual disturbances), hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy
Classic presentation of Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia?
Older man , lethargy weight loss Visual disturbances (or other hyperviscosity symps)
Hepatosplenomegaly
Lymphadenopathy
What blood results would you expect in Tumour lysis syndrome?
high potassium
high phosphate
High urate
LOW calcium..
. Due to breakdown of cells and release of cellular content
What cancer is Lambert Eaton seen in
Lambert-Eaton syndrome occurs almost exclusively in small cell lung cancer… to a lesser extent breast and ovarian cancer
Palliative patient in pain with CKD, not controlled on cocodamol
Alfentanil, buprenorphine and fentanyl are preferred opioids in CKD
Oral morphine to SC morphine
/2
Oral morphine to SC diamorphine
/3
Oral oxycodone to SC diamorphine
/1.5
PO codeine to morphine
/10
oral morphine to transdermal fentanyl
1:100
fentanyl 100 patch will deliver 2400 micrograms or 2.4 mg of fentanyl per 24 hours
Tumour marker for seminoma
hCG
neuroblastoma tumour marker
Bombesin
Teratoma tumour marker
AFP
