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Mrcp > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Itchy tender blisters around flexures with no mucosal involvement

A

Bullous pemphigoid

With mucosal is pemphigus vulgaris

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2
Q

Skin biopsy of itchy tense blisters with no mucosal involvement

A

IgG and C3 at dermoepidermal junction (bullous pemphigoid is autoimmune) give corticosteroids

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3
Q

What is positive Nikolsky’s sign?

A

the appearance of epidermis separating with mild lateral pressure in toxic epidermal necrolysis

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4
Q

features of toxic epidermal necrolysis

A

Nikolsky’s sign positive (separating epidermis with mild lateral pressure)
Extensive scalded-like rash
Systemically unwell

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5
Q

Intensely itchy vesicular rash on back of elbows

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis. IgA deposits, anti gliadin antibody, associated with coeliac

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6
Q

Skin patch Vs skin prick

A

Patch is useful for contact dermatitis
Prick is for food allergies and pollen
RAST is IgE amount that reacts to known allergens.. food allergies and pollen too

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7
Q

Which antibiotics are most associated with development of Stephen Johnson’s syndrome

A

Cotrimoxazole , penicillins

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8
Q

Teardrop lessons following a sore throat

A

Guttate psoriasis

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9
Q

Treatment for guttate psoriasis

A

Self resolve in 2-3 months but can use UVB therapy and tonsillectomy if recurrent

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10
Q

Features of leprosy

A

Hypopigmented skin with reduced sensation

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11
Q

diagnosis for erythematous lesions on shins with orange peel texture

A

pretibial myxoedema (see n in graves)

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12
Q

Pan systolic murmur, V waves in JVP, (tricuspid incompetence) in young patient diagnosis

A

Ebsteins abnormality -congenital heart defect with low insertion of tricuspid valve

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13
Q

INR target for aortic and mitral mechanical valves

A

3 and 3.5

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14
Q

How long does erythema nodosum usually last

A

6 weeks, no scarring

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15
Q

Old burn or scar… Patient presents with painless ulcerated lesion.. what is it?

A

SCC in 80% of cases. And is more dangerous -likely to metastasise

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16
Q

Treatment for alopecia areata

A

50% resolve within a year, 80-90% eventually.

Can give topical corticosteroids

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17
Q

A 55-year-old man presents with multiple erythematous target lesions two days after starting a new medication. What drug?

A

Erythema multiforme… Caused by viruses (HSV), mycoplasma/strep,
Penicillin, sulphonamides, carbamazepine, nsaids, contraceptive pill

Sarcoid

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18
Q

small blisters on the palms and soles
pruritic, sometimes burning sensation

Diagnosis

A

Pompholyx… Type of eczema often triggered by hot climates.
Cold compress, emollients, topical steroids… But quite resistant to treatment

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19
Q

Treatment for keloid scar

A

triamcinolone (topical steroids) if early

20
Q

What hypersensitivity is allergic contact dermatitis

A

Type IV (delayed…) T cell mediated

21
Q

What condition is associated with plucked chicken skin —

Small, yellow papules of 1-5 mm in diameter in a reticular pattern and coalescing at places into plaques

A

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum

Also get angoid streaks

22
Q

Treatment for Norwegian scabies

A

Ivermectin, isolate

23
Q

Management of venous ulcer

A

Compression bandages

24
Q

Most common skin lesion in TB

A

Lupus vulgaris… Usually on face, erythematous flat plaque which gradually becomes elevated and may ulcerate later

25
Q

Patient develops oval erythematous plaque then generalised pruritic rash. Diagnosis and what virus is linked to it?

A

Pityriasis rosacea

Herpes hominis virus 7 (HHV-7) is thought to play a role in the aetiology

26
Q

Patient with herpes… What sign indicates ocular involvement is likely?

A

Vesicles on the tip of the nose, or vesicles on the side of the nose…Hutchinson’s sign which is strongly predictive for ocular involvement…

27
Q

pinpoint petechial ‘blueberry muffin’ skin lesions

A

congenital cytomegalovirus

28
Q

erythematous oval lesions on his back and upper arms which have a slight scale just inside the edge. They vary in size from 1 to 5 cm in diameter. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Pityriasis rosea

Guttate is usually smaller and scale isn’t just round the edge

29
Q

Diagnosis… Initially smooth dome papule then becomes crater or volcano

A

Keratoacanthoma

Benign epithelial tumour… But refer for excision as might be SSC

30
Q

Small erythematous patch with Wood grain appearance. Smoking history

A

Erythema gyratum repens… Paraneoplastic eruption commonly seen w lung cancer

31
Q

What is infection that causes pityriasis versicolour? typically hypopigmentation

A

Malassezia, so treat with anti fungal ketoconazole shampoo or oral itraconazole

32
Q

Flaccid oral blisters, acantholysis on biopsy

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

Bullous pemphigoid is more common is the elderly, and blisters are tense, with no Acantholysis

33
Q

Management for impetigo

A

hydrogen peroxide 1% cream is first line of systemically well and few chances of complications

Followed by fusidic cream

Can give Oral fluclox if extensive disease

34
Q

Diagnosis of monomorphic punched-out erosions (circular, depressed, ulcerated lesions) usually 1–3 mm in diameter this is accompanied by pruritic painful blisters…

A

Eczema herpeticum

life threatening -treat with IV aciclovir

35
Q

Fungal cause of tinea capitus -scalp ring worm

A

Trichophyton tonsurans

36
Q

Asymp flat slightly scarlet pink or brown symmetrical rash around groin or axillae

A

Erythrasma

Overgrowth of diphtheroid Corynebacterium minutissimum

Coral red florescence on Wood’s light

Topical miconazole

37
Q

Pregnant lady develops large, flat, symmetrical, brown-pigmented patch across her cheeks, forehead, nose and upper lip.

A

Melasma. Benign and relatively common.

38
Q

perioral dermatitis: red, crusted lesions
Alopecia

What deficiency?

A

Zinc

May also have geophagia - ingesting clay/soil

39
Q

Red spots with blue/white centre in mouth

A

Koplik spots in measles

40
Q

Symmetrical, brown, velvety plaques on neck/axilla/groin…..what is acanthosis nigracans associated with?

A

It’s caused by insulin resistance… All things that are associated with weight gain…hypothy, DM, PCOS, COCP, obesity, prader willi, acromegaly, ……and gastric cancer

41
Q

photosensitive rash with blistering and skin fragility on the face and dorsal aspect of hands

A

Porphyria cutanea tarda

inherited defect in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase or caused by hepatocyte damage e.g. alcohol, hepatitis C, oestrogen.

42
Q

Erythroderma

A

90% or more of the skin is affected

43
Q

pigmented lesions on lips, oral mucosa, face, palms and soles, diarrhoea

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

44
Q

Necrobiosis lipoidica management

A

Skin condition in diabetes

Topical corticosteroids

45
Q

Rash assx with Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Erythema multiforme or nodosum

Mrcp (21 decks)

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