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PATHOLOGY > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Swelling - Benign

A

Tumor

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2
Q

New growth

A

Neoplasia

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3
Q

Study of tumors or neoplasia

A

Oncology

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4
Q

Maturation; extent to which neoplastic parenchymal cells resemble the corresponding normal parenchymal cells- morphologically and functionally

A

DIFFERENTATION

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5
Q

Poorly differentiated cells = ?

A

Malignant - malayo itsura sa normal

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6
Q

Well differentiated cells = ?

A

Benign - malapit itsura sa normal

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7
Q

Lack/loss of differentiation associated w morphologic changes

A

Anaplasia

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8
Q

Variation in size and shape
A. Dysplasia
B. Neoplasia
C. Pleomorphism
D. Anaplasia

A

Pleomorphism

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9
Q

Loss of Polarity, disturbed orientation = ?

A

Meaning tissues and cells (anaplastic glands) are disorganized

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10
Q

Loss in uniformity & architectural orientation of cells, pre-cancerous stage, reversible, disordered growth and often occurs in metaplastic epithelium.

A. Dysplasia
B. Neoplasia
C. Pleomorphism
D. Anaplasia

A

Dysplasia

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11
Q

Abnormal mass of tissue

A. Dysplasia
B. Neoplasia
C. Pleomorphism
D. Anaplasia

A

Neoplasia

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12
Q

Growth exceeds and uncoordinated with that of the normal tissue, autonomous, and clonal-arise from single cell that incurred genetic damage

A

NEOPLASIA

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13
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Remain localized

A

Benign

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14
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Cause death

A

MALIGNANT

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15
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Amenable to surgical removal

A

BENIGN

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16
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Relatively innocent and pt. Generally survives

A

BENIGN

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17
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Invade and destroy adjacent structures

A

MALIGNANT

18
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Cancer

A

MALIGNANT

19
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Rapid erratic pace of rate of growth

A

MALIGNANT

20
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Local invasion - usually absent

A

BENIGN

21
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
Poorly differentiated / anaplastic

A

MALIGNANT

22
Q

Nuclear cytoplasmic ratio that is anaplastic
A. 1:1
B. 1:6
C. 1:3
D. All of these

A

1:1

23
Q

Genes that promote autonomous growth

A

Oncogenes

24
Q

normal cellular counterpart

A

Protoncogenes

25
Q

products of genes without regulatory function

A

Oncoproteins

26
Q

Breaks to cell proliferation; these genes lead to failure of growth inhibition, another fundamental hallmark of carcinogenesis

A

Tumor Suppressors

27
Q

“Governor of cell cycle”

A

RB gene

28
Q

“Guardian of the genome”

A

P53 protein

29
Q

Mutation associated with retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma

A

RB GENE

30
Q

Stops neoplastic transformation by Cell cycle arrest (quiescence and senescence) initiation of apoptosis

A

P53

31
Q

Carcinoma = ?

A

Epithelial tissue

32
Q

Sarcoma = ?

A

Connective tissue

33
Q

Lymphoid tissue - ?
Hematopoietic tissue - ?

A

Lymphoma
Leukemia

34
Q

T OR F
“Oma” connotes BENIGN, except seminoma, lymphoma, malanoma, hepatoma

A

TRUE

35
Q

Infection with HTLV increases the risk for

A

Lymphoma

36
Q

When anaplastic cels have disorganized arangement this si described as
A. loss of polarity
B. metaplasia
C. apoptosis
D. dysmorphism

A

Loss of polarity

37
Q

This organism si associated with development of gastric carcinoma.
A. Entamoeba histolytica
B. Ascaris lumbricoides
C. Salmonella typhi
D. Helicobacter pylori

A

Helicobacter pylori

38
Q

Which of the folowing tumor si malignant?
A. Fibroma
B. hepatoma
C. adenoma
D. leiomyoma

A

Hepatoma

39
Q

Paraneoplastic syndromes present significant problems because htey
A. may destroy tissues
B. both choices
C. elaborate abnormal products which maybe harmful
D. neither choice

A

Both choices

40
Q

A form of primary prevention of cancer is
A. vaccination
B. both
C. diet modification
D. Neither

A

Both

41
Q

The UV ray exposure with greater risk for skin cancer is?

A

UV B

42
Q

degree of differentiation of the tumor cells and the number of mitosis

A

Grading

PATHOLOGY (17 decks)

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