Immunology

Question 1

A 25 year old male commercial sex worker tested positive for HIV ,no symptoms reported, CD4 count +AD0- 350 u/L . What is his disease category?
a. A1
b. B1
c. A2
d. B2

Answer 1

A2

Question 2

Which is the proper sequence of HIV infection of a CD4 T cell:
a. release of viral genomic RNA- gp120 binds to CD4 - gp41 membrane penetration
b. gp41 binds to CD4 - gp41 membrane penetration- release of viral genomic RNA
c. gp120 binds to CD4- gp41 membrane penetration - release of viral genomic RNA
d. p24 binds to CD4- release of viral genomic RNA - gp41 membrane penetration

Answer 2

gp120 binds to CD4- gp41 membrane penetration - release of viral genomic RNA

Question 3

Exercise has the following effects on the immune system:
a. high intensity exercise may activate the acute phase reaction
b. Low to moderate exercise may lead to impairment of the immune system
c. Low to moderate exercise is known to induce the release of mast cells
d. exercise can enhance phagocytic activity of the NK cells

Answer 3

high intensity exercise may activate the acute phase reaction

Question 4

The concept of molecular mimicry is the presumptive pathogenic mechanisms in the following diseases
a. Type 1 DM
b. Graves disease
c. Rheumatic heart disease
d. SLE

Answer 4

Rheumatic heart disease

Question 5

A 6 year old child while playing on their backyard was attacked by a swarm of bees, the child immediately developed itchy rashes with intense swelling of the face. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is this ?
a. Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction
b. Type III immune complex mediated reaction
c. Type I IgE mediated reaction
d. Type II antibody dependent cytotoxicity reaction

Answer 5

Type I IgE mediated reaction

Question 6

Most common cause of distal sensory polyneuropathy in HIV infections :
a. a result of muscle wasting
b. bone and soft tissue infections
c. toxic effects of anti-retrovirals
d. comorbidities not related to the disease

Answer 6

toxic effects of anti-retrovirals

Question 7

Its main function is to regulate the immune response:
a. Helper T cells
b. Cytotoxic T cells ( CTL )
c. Natural killer ( NK ) cells
d. Suppressor T cells

Answer 7

Suppressor T cells

Question 8

Possible explanation/s why auto-immune disorders are more frequent in females:
a. the role of the X chromosome
b. all of the choices are correct
c. increased susceptibility to infections
d. more prone to anemia

Answer 8

the role of the X chromosome

Question 9

Innate immunity is characterized by the following:
a. all the above
b. possess antigen specificity
c. activated even without prior sensitization
d. with long term memory

Answer 9

activated even without prior sensitization

Question 10

Patients with pure B cell immunodeficiency are at risk of developing the following infections:
a. Viral
b. Fungal
c. Parasitic
d. Bacterial

Answer 10

Bacterial

Question 11

Contact dermatitis is a result of activation of the following components of the immune system:
a. mast cells
b. IgE
c. Cytotoxic T cells
d. IgG and IgM

Answer 11

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 12

All of the following are characteristics of a Class II MHC molecule:
a. present in all nucleated cells
b. recognized by CD8 T cells
c. encoded by genes HLA DP, DQ, DR
d. encoded by genes HLA A, B, C

Answer 12

encoded by genes HLA DP, DQ, DR

Question 13

AIDS is characterized by:
a. life threatening opportunistic infections, secondary benign neoplasms and CNS infections
b. life threatening opportunistic infections, secondary malignant neoplasms and CNS infections
c. life threatening opportunistic infections, secondary malignant neoplasms and CNS manifestations
d. life threatening opportunistic infections, secondary malignant neoplasms and CNS tumors

Answer 13

life threatening opportunistic infections, secondary malignant neoplasms and CNS manifestations

Question 14

Most of the systemic manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) is largely due to:
a. anti-phospholipid anti-bodies
b. circulating immune complexes
c. protein C and S
d. cytotoxic T cells

Answer 14

circulating immune complexes

Question 15

Fibromyalgia syndromes are characterized by the following, EXCEPT:
a. an underlying disorder is easily identifiable
b. a variety of biochemical, physiologic and neurologic abnormalities are seen
c. chronic widespread pain
d. an abnormality of pain processing

Answer 15

an underlying disorder is easily identifiable

Question 16

Majority of the events in the clinical latency stages of HIV infection are seen in the
a. dendritic cells 
b. lymphoid tissues
c. CD4+- T cells
d. monocytes

Answer 16

lymphoid tissues

Question 17

Which of the following disease pairing and etiology is CORRECT:
a. Myasthenia gravis- cytotoxic T cells attacking acetylcholine receptors
b. Graves disease- antibodies attacking TSH receptors
c. Anaphylactic shock- IgG initiated cytotoxicity 
d. TB- immune complex deposition on the alveolar cells

Answer 17

Graves disease- antibodies attacking TSH receptors

Question 18

These are antibody producing cells:
a. Neutrophils
b. Plasma cells
c. Monocytes
d. Tcells

Answer 18

Plasma cells

Question 19

Which of the following tissue damage/effect in SLE is correct:
a. Heart- Libman Sacks endocarditis
b. Pleural cavity - fibrinous pleuritis
c. Joints- rheumatoid arthritis 
d. Eyes- retinopathy

Answer 19

Heart- Libman Sacks endocarditis

Question 20

CD8 T cells usually attacks this part of the renal allograft:
a. Bowmans capsule
b. renal vasculature
c. mesangium
d. podocytes

Answer 20

renal vasculature