Oncology Flashcards
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
- antibody against what
- common cancers
monoclonal antibody directed against the HER2/neu receptor
breast + gastric carcinoma
what is Abiraterone?
Abiraterone is an androgen synthesis inhibitor used in metastic prostate cancer
what is Bicalutamide ?
is an androgen recept blocker used in metastic prostate cancer
what inheritable disease is caused by mutation in p53 gene
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
autosomal dominant disorder
early onset of a variety of cancers such as sarcoma, breast cancer and leukaemias.
which chemo drug causes hypomg
cisplatin
The most important side effect of aromatase inhibitors eg. anastrazole, letrozole
osteoporosis. (Reducing oestrogen) Women should have their bone mineral density formally assessed at the beginning of treatment and at regular intervals thereafter
Side effects of tamoxifen (SERM se elective oestrogen receptor modulator) which acts as an oestrogen receptor antagonist and partial agonist.)
Deep vein thrombosis, endometrial cancer, and vaginal bleeding
check DEXA scan for osteporosis before which cancer treatments?
Anastrozole and letrozole are aromatase inhibitors (breast & prostate cancer) that reduces peripheral oestrogen synthesis
The most common malignancy associated with acanthosis nigricans
is gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma
+ diffuse hypertonia
associated with breast, colorectal and small cell lung carcinoma
Anti-GAD antibody
stiff person’s syndrome
Paraneoplastic syndromes affecting nervous system
lambert eaton: pre-synaptic voltage gated calcium channel
small cell lung cancer (also breast and ovarian)
anti hu - sensory peripheral neuropathy
anti-GAD - stiff man syndrome
anti-yo - cerebellar syndrome
anti-ri - ocular opsoclonus-myoclonus
Purkinje cell antibody
- peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer
EBV: associated malignancies:
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
nasopharyngeal carcinoma
nasopharyngeal carcinoma - virus linked
EBV
are coal dust workers at increased risk of lung ca
no
Common drugs that cause agranulocytosis:
Antithyroid drugs - carbimazole, propylthiouracil
Antipsychotics - atypical antipsychotics (CLOZAPINE)
Antiepileptics - carbamazepine
Antibiotics - penicillin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole
Antidepressant - mirtazapine
Cytotoxic drugs - methotrexate
The oncologist recommends starting a medication which can specifically target this type of breast cancer in post-menopausal women only.
Anastrozole and letrozole are aromatase inhibitors that reduces peripheral oestrogen synthesis.
in post-menopausal women, the main oestrogen synthesis is happening peripherally
people with sjogrens are at increased risk of what?
lymphoid malignancy
umour markers
testicular tumours
germ cell tumours:
1) seminomas: hCG
2) non-seminomas: AFP and/or beta-hCG are elevated in
3) teratomas - no raised markers
LDH is elevated in around 40% of germ cell tumours
Non-germ cell tumours include Leydig cell tumours and sarcomas.
diagnostic test for pancreatic ca
CT
