Onc Emergencies

Question 1

Cord compression

Answer 1

Inflammation and paresthesias.
Autonomin dysfxn follows motor/sensory.
Rapid progression predicts worse outcome.

Question 2

Cord compression tx

Answer 2

Decadron

Surgery

Question 3

Brain mets usually come from?

Answer 3

Lung or breast

Tx w/ decaron for edema

Question 4

Waldenstroms causes?

Answer 4

Hyperviscosity

Question 5

Leukostasis

Answer 5

Mostly with AML
WBC > 100,000
Hypoxia, AMS

Question 6

Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 6

Lung, breast CA
L or R sided failure
Global shaped heart

Question 7

SVC syndrome

Answer 7

Only a relative emergency.
Usually from lymphoma, BC, mediastinal tumors.
SOB, facial edema, UE edema

Question 8

Pancoast tumor

Answer 8

Tumor of the lung apex.

Commonly causes SVC syndrome

Question 9

Upper chest vein distention =

Answer 9

SVC syndrome

Question 10

Tumor lysis syndrome

Answer 10

Causes by therapy on existing tumor. (lymphoma, leukemia)
May occur from day 1-5 of therapy.
Renal failure

Question 11

Tumor lysis syndrome labs

Answer 11

Hyperuricemia
Kyperkalemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Hypocalcemia

Question 12

Hypercalcemia

Answer 12

Breast, lung, MM most common etiology.
PTHrP
Gradual in onset

Question 13

Hypercalcemia S/S

Answer 13

Fatigue
N/V
Constipation
Anorexia
Apathy
AMS

Question 14

SIADH

Answer 14

Small cell lung CA
Causes low sodium
Increased urine osmo
Restrict fluid intake, diurese.

Question 15

Neutropenic Fever

Answer 15

HTN, dyspnea, Sepsis
Mostly due to chemo, but also bacteria
Occurs 10-15 days after.
EMERGENCY

Question 16

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 16

Most cases are idiopathic, immune.

Bleeding

Question 17

Becks triad for cardiac tamponade

Answer 17

Hypotension
JVD
Muffled heart sounds