OM 1 Flashcards
Operations Manual Bulletin issued
- To Portable EFB
- Forest
- Paper Medium
General Duties
- assigned duties as PF and PM
- captain ensures adherence to checklist and SOPs
- follow decarbonisation procedures
- CRM
- prohibition of anything that affect safety of flight
- communication with ATC, company, observe ATC instructions
Seat belt and shoulder harnesses required to be worn?
- Seat belt fastened at all times when in seat
- shoulder harness worn during during takeoff and landing or whenever captain orders to wear
Seat belt sign on (for PAX and CA)
- towing and pushback (Ca can conduct their duties)
- taxi (Ca can conduct their duties)
- takeoff and landing
- turbulence affecting safety
- captain deems necessary
seat belts on - What are CA duties?
- minimal safety measures
- sit down to designated seats ie available seats immediately
- if on for turbulence make safety PA to fasten seat belts and not to use lavatory
- after seat belts off if Purser seems not safe because of turbulence report to Capt
Crew Rest facility Usage ?
- curtain open for takeoff and landing
- seat belt sign on must fasten seat belts
- seat belts on while sleeping
- must be trained on how to use
Prior to flight - collection of information required
- Weather
- NOTAM
- Information on aircraft (ie maintenance)
- Information on crew and PAX
- Cargo including DGs
- Any other info relevant to operational flight plan
- Enroute info and conflict zones
Reporting for Duty
- report by show uptime (1:30 mins) before departure
- report to scheduler if unfit or unable to fulfil duties
- mental, fatigue, physical check before show up (captain exchange words to confirm)
- alcohol check completed
Operational Flight Plan approval process ?
- ground personnel/ dispatcher provide operational flight plan (approved) to show captain (checks its consistent with ATS FLT PLN)
- captain shall approve after reviewing all information including weather and NOTAMs (consult dispatcher if needed)
- must be completed / approved by both and submitted to ATC no later than 30 mins before departure
- ground personnel report allowable cabin load and fuel load
- captain approves via IPOBS or writing / editing signing name on DRM
- approval only after show up (after alcohol check)
- approval required at offline airport (ie diversion) can be done via ACARS
Hand carry items
- Operational FLT PLN or DRM
- ATS FLT PLN copy
3.
Confirmation of Aircraft Condition shipside ?
- maintenance condition
- journey + radio log ( including MEL / CDL log
- aircraft exterior check
- devices and equipment onboard
- security check
- documents to be carried
- once checked all items and accept - sign “checked by” journey log
Crew Briefing items?
- outline of flight (airports, route flown, weather Enroute)
- allocation of emergency equipment and their usage
- duty assignment of each crew member if emergency
- precautionary measures against hijack
- duty assignment if other than normal crew numbers
- type quantity of radio active materials
- extent of manoeuvre if check and training
- procedures if copilot manipulates controls
Must no complete until cabin crew completed alcohol check
Checks before PAX boarding ?
- PAX requiring special assistance ( WCHC etc)
- allow boarding once all preflight checks complete (inc security check)
Checking Weight + Balance data ?
- check using load system
- if load system N/A - completed by load controller or pilots
- captain and load controller both check the data
Checks prior to departure ?
- All PAX boarded correctly and seated (confirmation by CA)
- dangerous goods have been loaded in accordance with NOTOC
- All exterior doors closed and locked
- All obstacles removed except ones required for pushback / Eng start
Taxiing requirements?
- avoid jet blast buildings, ground equipment and persons
- be observant of all obstacles and ground equipment/ personnel
- avoid abrupt braking for safety and pax comfort
- keep safe distance from other aircraft
- ask for marshaller or wing walkers if concerned
When to request a runway inspection?
Whenever PIC deems runway unsuitable for takeoff due to snow or standing water
Cruising Speed different to flight plan. When to report?
Cruising speed > +/- 5% from planned - notify ATC (non radar only)
> M0.02 oceanic (notam)
Use of Oxygen Masks by crew members
O2 masks ready for immediate use operating > FL250
If 1 pilot leaves his seat > FL250 the other must don O2 mask
1 pilot shall wear O2 mask when operating > FL410
Not required during COVID
When do we monitor 121.5?
Shall monitor to the maximum extent possible except under unavoidable circumstances
Captain shall monitor weather Enroute for ?
Destination, destination alternate, Enroute alternate (s )
OM approach and landing captain criteria ?
1.Conduct approach briefing in accordance with AOM
2. Notify cabin crew Of arrival time
3. Comply with company minima requirements
4. Approach shall not continue < 1000ft unless satisfied RWY surface condition information and aircraft condition / performance ensures safe landing can be made
5. No RWY challenge be used unless within limitations (crosswind / tailwind)
(Can request RWY inspection if thinks RWY not suitable due snow or standing water)
6. Follow noise abatement procedures
7. Landing with touch down point and speed in mind with continuous rate of descent in VNAV (if possible)
When are you required to report braking action via AIR REP?
When RWY braking action was not as good as reported
Captain to adhere to what legal requirements on approach / LDG?
- Approach briefing (AOM)
- Inform cabin crew of arrival time
- Comply with company minima
- Don’t descend below 1000ft unless satisfied RWY surface condition and airplane performance condition suitable for safe landing
- RWY within limitations ( wind)
- Landing touchdown and speed suitable
- Instrument approach amd continuous descent via VNAV when available
- Comply with noise abatement
When to request RWY inspection?
Whenever captain is concerned about snow condition or standing water for landing (ie considered not suitable for safe landing)
Passenger disembarkation
Shall, Turn seatbelt sign off only after come to complete stop at the final parking position and no impediment to passengers in cabin to deplane
Notifications to maintenance post flight
Enter journey log any necessary matters regarding airplane condition
Anything abnormal - notify maintenance in person
Check contents journey log and sign
Captain debriefing
Notify ground personnel turbulence and weather information on route, items falling under captain report or air safety report (radio or telephone ok)
Pre flight security check
Exterior - no suspicious on / in aircraft
Cabin check (complete by flight crew if ferry)
Cockpit, crew rest
(Must check again if all crew leave cockpit )
Documents required by law (aircraft)
7 paper documents + 5 electronic (EFB)
- Registration Certificate
- Airworthiness Certificate
- Operating limitations
- Radio station license + Earth station license (satcom)
- Emergency documents
(Document holder)
- QRH
- Journey Radio log (including MEL/CDL log)
EFB:
1. AOM
2. Operations policy manual VOL 2
3. MEL CDL Manual
4. OM with OM bulletin
5. Route Manual
At least one copy required and available on at least one EFB at time of departure
If failure of EFB paper copy must be carried.
Documents required by other countries or ICAO (aircraft)
1 x paper and 6 x EFB
- AOC (paper in locked document file but also EFB for ramp checks)
EFB: (smart catalog - “AIRCRAFT DOCUMENTS”
1. Civil Aircraft Landing Permit (USAF airports)
2. Emergency response guide for DGs (US airports)
3. Foreign AOC for Vietnam (VIetnam only)
4. Insurance Certificate
5. Operations Specifications
6. Noise Documents (Smart catalog - AOM)
If failure EFB for ramp check can request from ground staff / operations
Paper documents required by the company?
Technical Document file (for operational convenience (can be missing but should be replaced at airport that is suitable to replace). Can refer to OM if info missing
Company EFB required apps / documents ?
Boeing OPT (can refer to AOM if needed or info from ground personnel as alternative)
Procedure for checking document certification holder?
Documents required and fuel carnet cards stored in locked (787code) by maintenance
Captain to check if seal is intact or broken before flight (report to maintenance)
Can depart if seal broken as long as required documents are properly checked to be onboard and in holder (if missing report to flight safety promotion)
Prevention of injuries from turbulence?
- Captain and crew should have same recognition of meaning of seat belt sign
- when SB signed turned on all pax and crew shall immediately sit down (after minimum safety check)
- no one shall leave their seat without captain permission
- brief if turbulence forecast or expected (time, duration, level)
- CA must make PA to ensure pax wearing seat belt and all sitting
- use inter phone to update CA during flight for mutual understanding
- captain to make announcement regarding turbulence (if forecast or expected)
- gather data at preflight briefing to establish areas of treat
- report to ground personnel after landing
Critical Phase ?
Block out to 5 mins after takeoff
10 minutes before landing to block in ( or when CA given 4 chimes )
Sterile cockpit rule?
- During critical phase
- except for emergency or safety concerns - minimal contact to flight deck
- SB sign on
- use of headsets until > transition or not in critical phase
- no seat change < 10,000ft
- keep non operational chat to minimal in flight deck
Company TCAS procedures?
- Always TA/RA unless engine fail and can’t manoeuvre if RA occurs
- TA = do not manoeuvre unless collision exists and visual (outside watch and confirm on TCAS display
- RA = respond immediately and follow it (unless doing so would jeopardise safety)
- notify ATC asap
- return to cleared level and file report after flight
*** stall warning, alerts and GPWS have precedence over RA
Procedure with flight without cabin crew preflight ?
Comply with AOM “clarification of cabin crew inspection items on flights without cabin attendants “
Captain must brief people in cabin about: (if pax not familiar with aircraft )
- no smoking
- use of seat belts and SB sign
- location O2 mask and life jacket and use
- baggage stowage
- emergency equipment and exits
- discuss communication methods for cabin secure, aircraft movement, medical, abnormal situations and emergency (can designate person to be in charge of cabin)
Inflight procedure with no cabin crew but pax in cabin ?
Notifications to people in cabin:
- 4 chimes 1 min before takeoff
- TOD time including landing
- 4 chime 10 mins before landing to ensure, galley secure, SB sign on and people seated.
- PA to information on turbulence
- designate duties if emergency
Observance of ATC instructions?
- follow ICAO standard phraseology and procedures (country specific )
- clear concise wording
- caution to similar call sign
- mutual confirmation of clearance recheck if uncertainty
Items to be reported to operations inflight via (radio or ACARS)
- emergency or distress or witness such event
- near collision
- unreliable navigation facility’s
- anything else warranted to report
Cabin Items to be reported to operations inflight via (radio or ACARS)
1 injury or possible injury from turbulence
2 infectious diseases
3 sudden illness (including from insects / animals)
4. Food poisoning or multiple people from meals onboard
5. Sound, smell, smoke to lead to pax anxiety or cabin emergency
6 finding restricted card on items
7. Request for police
8. Human trafficking (HT code only into japan)
CA fill out CA info sheet (CAIS) or Quarantine report sheet QRS
Can Someone (not pilot) take flight control seat ?
No but exemption in emergency if deemed necessary or maintenance personnel on ground.
Cabin ready signal need by?
Before entering active runway (unless backtracking or ATC approval to enter and line yo when not ready )
Chief purser will notify cockpit if delayed expected (taxi time know from briefing)
Notes for Jumpseat users (J/S) -( if not familiar)
- Use of seat belt and seat belt sign
- No smoking
- Emergency exits (and procedure Ie hatch, foot hold and harness
- Life jackets and emergency equipment
- O2 masks
- Hijacking procedures
Even if familiar:
- Inform must wear seat belt whole flight (harness takeoff landing and when required)
- Inform on any emergency situation
When to monitor 121.5?
All aircraft are required to have working ELT and monitor 121.5 unless in “unavoidable situations”
Monitor for contingency of ATC failure on primary comms
“Unavoidable situations” - carrying out comms on other channels, cockpit duties don’t permit simultaneous guarding of 2 channels or MEL etc on a comm.
Actions when pilot leaves cockpit ?
- brief about timing and try when low workload
- pass all duties to other pilot
- CA to enter cockpit (2 in flight deck)
- both pilots mutually confirm door switch and entry procedure
- O2 mask worn for remaining pilot at controls
- AP/ATHR on prioritize tasks
- visual identification from camera or door scope before after code / knock entry
- visually check door switch before operating
- CA can block / help open door
- back seated share info on flight
What is CRM?
Ensure safe and efficient operation using all available resources as a crew or team:
RADAR (decision making model)
TEM (threat error management)
Crew coordination
Verbal communication
What is RADAR?
RADAR (decision making model)
R - Recognize
A - Analyze
D - Develop + Decide
A - Action
R - Review
Prevention of RWY incursions + taxi route deviations?
- Brief taxi route including hotspots, low vis taxi (confirm NOTAM for closures etc)
- maintain situational awareness
- monitor ATC and clarify if uncertain
- confirm route same as CDU (ie SID/RWY change)
- use exterior lights
- confirm all visual indicators (taxiway markings / signs ND map guidance)
- low VIS only taxi avoid other tasks (do at holding point)
- confirm RWY cross clearance + stop bars out
- visually check RWY and approach path when cleared to enter (strobe on)
Basic Policy
Captain + dispatcher shall secure safety of operations and best effort for maximum efficiency (maintain schedule + pax comfort)
Any disagreement between CAPT / DISP - take safest option (if unsuitable don’t fly)
If mental, physical, fatigue of flight crew do not fly
Operational control Station / Operational station ?
Operational Control Station - Tokyo international (main operations station)
Operational station - other airports where scheduled flights operate
Company Clearance ?
Effective when captain and dispatcher approve the operational flight plan
(Joint responsibility)
Change of company Clearance? (6)
Can change after consulting each other but captain can ultimately decide inflight
- Destination
- Alternate Airport
- Required fuel on board
- Route
- Altitude (except when no extra fuel required)
- Flight rules
If change seriously affects flight following / fuel consumption should notify dispatcher when able.
Crosswind Calculation ?
Calculate with steady wind
When maximum wind exceeds above 10kts of average calculation:
Steady + (Maximum - Steady) / 2
*** comply with AOM limitations
How is Wind reported ? M/T?
Airport wind - magnetic
Non airport wind - true
Minimum fuel requirement preflight :
On ground (after fuel receipt - sign journey log) - confirm FOB approved in company clearance is loaded
- fuel total (minus PCF, Extra fuel, tankering)**
- can use part of PCF / extra fuel after sign journey log but FOB must be at or above amount required at Block out.
- can use part of contingency fuel as APU burn for unforeseen delays even if before block out.
Operational restrictions in significant WX Conditions?
Turbulence - cannot operate into known or forecast severe turbulence
LLWS - cannot takeoff / land when LLWS is expected and considered unavoidable
Icing - avoid icing as much as possible. cannot operate into known or forecast severe icing
No takeoff / landing when snow, frost, freezing rain affects airplane safety
*** must conduct visual inspection if concerned (return to spot if not confident safe operation
Thunderstorms- best effort to avoid thunderstorms. No takeoff / landing if severe thunderstorms known or forecast on intended route and considered unavoidable.
Can fly in Heavy Sand Storm or Heavy Dust storm?
- +SS or +DS reported on METAR / SPECI - avoid flying in these conditions
As large scale maintenance inspection required after landing
VFR operations allowed?
- No VFR at night
- no VFR > FL 200
- No VFR on top
Can you land at airport with no Light facilities?
Sunset:
Takeoff - should be 10 mins before sunset (max 20 mins after sunset with takeoff alternate and clear RWY)
Landing - cannot depart unless arrive 20 mins before sunset (flt planning)
- no landing after sunset (or outside airport operating hours)
Sunrise:
Takeoff / landing - not before sunrise (unless 20 mins before RWY clear check)
Doesn’t apply for emergency
Can you operate in Class G airspace ?
No (unless emergency)
Can use in US military airspace in japan
Or special procedures in route manual for intended airspace
Fuel Weight calculations based on?
Taxi - RW
Burn off - CLB (TOW)
- Cruise (average weight in cruise or start / end of cruise)
- DES (TOD weight)
Contingency- holding ISA 1500ft (LW)
Alternate - same as burn off (but from DEST W / AOM power setting)
Reserve - LW at alternate holding 1500ft ISA (or LW DEST - no alternate)
Additional fuel (CP W)
PCF - holding ISA 1500ft LW DEST
Extra - holding ISA 1500ft LW DEST
What is PCF (Planned Contingency Fuel)?
Company decided standard amount for each route (based on statistical data from actual routes with increased fuel burn)
Standard amount for each route listed in route manual.
Based on holding rate at 1500ft ISA
What is Contingency Fuel?
fuel for correcting gap between planned and actual consumption concerning:
- wind changes
- temperature changes
- altitude
- performance and weight change
- Anti icing used
- extended delays such as delay before block out
What is additional fuel ?
- fuel used for ETOPs (critical fuel / point) ***
- most critical point along route (ETP)
- required for all flights except ETOPS???
When can PCF fuel be cancelled / removed ?
If PIC + DISP can both agree that the PCF is unnecessary for:
- Altitude restrictions on ATC route limits getting planned FLT level (ie weight limit to achieve FL)
- Altitude + payload buffer in domestic ops only
Takeoff Performance Operating Limitations AEO/ EO?
Cannot takeoff at weight greater that allows accelerate stop within available RWY DIST or to continue takeoff and clear all obstacles on path when critical engine fails during takeoff.
MSA for IFR?
- allows comms with ATC units (VHF coverage)
- MEA (Minimum en route altitude) not including take off / landing f
- (no MEA) = 2000ft above highest obstacle 5nm either side route
- MSA for each segment of airway published route manual
Takeoff minima
If WX conditions at departure are below LDG minima - suitable takeoff alternate required.
- within 1hr single engine cruise of departure (set distance)
If no takeoff alternate available- must use LDG minima
Treatment of CIG / RVR for deciding takeoff alternate
CIG even if below LDG minima - cba be treated as above I’d arriving aircraft has enough visual reference to make safe landing
VIS / RVR must be at or above LDG minima
Application of Crosswind (Takeoff / Landing)?
Takeoff - within limit at time of takeoff clearance
Landing - within limit at time of landing clearance
Or;
If at time of clearance above limit - must check again and confirm below by 500ft AFE
If LDG clearance issued <500ft must confirm wind data by 500ft
If reported above limit after clearance given / 500ft check - may continue If PiC judges safe to land.
Minimum fuel required inflight ?
land somewhere with 30 mins reserve fuel remaining
Inflight fuel checks ?
Verify flight time and fuel remaining at:
- TOC waypoint
- Waypoint spaced around 1hr intervals apart
- TOD waypoint
Compare actual vs planned fuel consumption for trends
If inflight fuel is less than planned ?
Make necessary adjustments to:
- altitude
- speed
- route
- destination/ alternate
To ensure remaining fuel is sufficient to complete flight.
TOD fuel check (briefing etc)
Must check WX at destination and alternate around TOD to ensure fuel sufficient for:
- Planned reserve plus alternate
Or;
- Planned reserve fuel if no alternate
Request air traffic delay expected if unexpected circumstances arise and fuel may be less than above
What is “Minimum Fuel”?
After committing to land at specific airport with any change to existing clearance will result in fuel remaining less than 30min of reserve fuel at landing.
- informs ATC must land at this airport
- not emergency situation but will be if any further delay caused
- pilots should not expect any form of priority
What is MAYDAY fuel ?
Must declare emergency “Mayday” when calculated fuel on landing is less than 30 mins of planned reserve fuel
How to approve change to company clearance?
3 ways :
- ACARS - dispatcher uplinks all or part of DRM, captain send approval notification
- Paper / electronic carriage (sign and take copy of DRM or approve via IPOBS and have downloaded copy)
- can print it via ACARS to have it or amend by hand
- Oral communication- info sent via Comms and confirmed by captain
Record of approval for company clearance ?
Company holds for 3 months :
1.iPOBs approved - kept in AIOS
2. Paper approved - filed
3. ACARS approved - kept in AIOS
4. Oral approved - duty log by operations
Oceanic airspace - capturing A/C position ?
Oceanic airspace when ATS units capture A/C position > 15 min intervals :
- Dispatcher shall obtain position info from ADS-B OUT
(Altitude, LAT/LONG, time) at intervals < 15 mins.
- PAX flights only!
Not required if avoidable to enter oceanic (but not planned)
ADS-B OUT required equipment?
- ATC Transponder x 1
- GPS x 1
- FMCF x 1
Who is allowed entry to cockpit other than crew :
- jCAB / Bureau of communications
- intl authority’s (equivalent)
- employee
- maintenance
- ground personnel
Inflight: (permission from PIC)
- JCAB
- DH crew / other airline crew If deemed essential
- employee
- doctor
- journalist, aviation incident investigator or photographer approved by company.
Seat with seat belt must be available in cockpit for each person
Must follow PIC orders
If Cockpit door cannot lock:
- follow any checklist / procedures
- explain to CA and check cabin condition
- LAND asap unless deemed safer to continue to destination considering everything