oligomennorhoea

Question 1

define oligomennorhoea

Answer 1

infrequent periods

Cycle >35 days but less than 6 months in length

Question 2

define primary amennorhoea

Answer 2

no menarche by age 16

Question 3

define secondary amennorhoea

Answer 3

Absent periods for at least 3/12 if cycles previously regular

Absent periods for at least 6/12 if previously had oligomenorrhoea

Question 4

causes of oligomennorhoea

Answer 4

‘Constitutional’

Anovulation

• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Thyroid disease
• Prolactinoma
• CAH

Question 5

physiological causes of amennorrhoea

Answer 5

Prepubertal
Pregnancy
Menopause

Question 6

define cryptomenorrhoea

Answer 6

also known as hematocolpos, is a condition where menstruation occurs but is not visible due to an obstruction of the outflow tract.

Question 7

primary amennorhea causes

Answer 7

Delayed puberty
Imperforate hymen/transverse septum
Absent vagina - obstruction
Mullerian agenesis - no uterus

Gonadal dysgenesis (Turner) - strict ovaries no functional

PCOS (less common in primary)

CAH

Question 8

secondary amennorhoea causes

Answer 8

• Pregnancy
• PCOS
• Premature menopause
• Prolactinoma
• Thyroid disease
• Cushing’s
• Eating disorder
• Exercise induced
• Asherman Syndrome
• Sheehan Syndrome

Question 9

if there are issues in the hypothalamus of pituitary gland - blood results

Answer 9

FSH would be low

Question 10

if issues is within ovary - blood results

Answer 10

FSH would be high

oestrogen would be low

Question 11

if issue with uterus bloods results

Answer 11

normal

Question 12

causes of post coital bleeding

Answer 12

1. Infection.
2. Cervical ectropion - especially in those women taking the combined oral contraceptive (COC) pill.
3. Cervical or endometrial polyps.
4. Vaginal cancer.
5. Cervical cancer - usually apparent on speculum examination.
6. Trauma or sexual abuse.
7. Vaginal atrophic change.