Oleaceae Flashcards
Oleaceae is what family?
Olive family
*Common identifiable characteristics of Olaceae family?
-fragrant flowers
-4 united sepals, 4 united petals, 2 stamens!
-regular in shape
-superior ovary
-leaves are oppositely arranged (rarely alternate or whorled)
-often pinnately compound
-some are evergreen
-fruit varies from berries, dry capsules, small drupes, winged fruits or “keys”
*What might be the most important thing to know about olive oil as a consumer?
Olive oil quality deteriorates in a time frame of months. Extra virgin olive oil is the highest grade and is extracted in a cold process.
Look for Extra virgin oil and use within 2 years of harvest, 2-3 months after opening the bottle
*What accounts for the different colors of table olives?
green: picked at full size before ripening begins
red/brown: semi-ripe; picked as they are beginning to ripen and change from green to brown
black: picked at full maturity when purple to brown/black in color
*Are olives typically eaten freshly picked?
No, very bitter. Need to be cured and fermented to remove oleuropein and phenolic compounds.
*What would be the reason for the high price of Jasmine tea?
it is made by placing jasmine flowers into green or white tea for ~four hours. High quality tea repeats this process up to 7 times.
*What went wrong with the much beloved ash tree?
Overuse. Its now useless in the landscape.
*When and where was the emerald ash borer first discovered?
First discovered in S.E. Michigan in the Summer of 2002
*When and where was Emerald ash borer first discovered in MN?
Saint Paul in May of 2009
*What accounts for Emerald ash borer’s rapid spread in N.A.?
Infested trees were used for firewood.
Also, it came from China to an area where there was no known predator or no known natural control, and our native ashes had not evolved resistance to the insect.
*What would be three clear indicators an ash tree is infested with EAB?
Creates extensive S-shaped galleries
First outward symptoms include: 1) D-shaped exit holes from where the larvae pupate and exit as full-grown adults
2) epicormic branching (emerging from under the bark) on trunk (2nd and 3rd years after infestation)
-looks like knobs or bunches of green leaves popping out of the side of the trunk
3) Increase in woodpecker activity
What three Oleaceae plants are found in MN?
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, F. americana, and F. nigra
*When was white ash distinguished from green ash?
1966 (so similar in appearance)
*Green ash is what percent of some urban canopies?
70%, (very popular landscape tree & were tough in withstanding elevated pH, drought, flooding, compacted soil, salt stress)
Flowers often used for rituals/ceremonies as garlands, boutonnieres, headdresses, or to festoon doorways/altars/shrines?
Jasmine (Jasminium sp.)
What genus is the source of table olives and olive oil?
Olea (about 40 species)
Olive trees around the Mediterranean sea have been dated over 2,000 years old and are still producing fruit.
Just know that.
*Nearly ubiquitous in Twin cities landscapes/boulevards
Japanese tree lilac, (Syringia reticulata)
*How long have olive trees been growing in US?
Since the 1800s
Oleaceae family uses
-food
-lumber (baseball bats, tool handles, electric guitars)
-landscape (historically)
90% of harvested olives: ?
10% of harvested olives: ?
90%: olive oil
10%: table olives
Why is EAB expected to have a bigger impact on MN than any other state?
Large pop. of black ash in Northern MN (estimated 1 billion ashes in MN)
*Flower gall
- caused by eriophyid mite
- causes hormonal disruptions leading to deformation and gall formation
- Prior to EAB, this was the primary problem for ash in a landscape
