Older Adult/Chronic Illness/Abuse

Question 1

The 4Ms

Answer 1

1. Asking what Matters
2. Mobility
3. Meds
4. Mentation

Question 2

1. Asking what Matters

Answer 2

Know and act on each patient’s specific health outcome goals and care preferences

Question 3

2. Mobility

Answer 3

Maintain mobility & function and prevent/treat complications of immobility

Question 4

3. Medications

Answer 4

• Optimize use to reduce harm & burden, focusing on meds affecting mobility, mentation, what matters

Question 5

4. Mentation

Answer 5

Focus on delirium, dementia, & depression

Question 6

Presbyopia

Answer 6

Farsightedness cause by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye

Question 7

Presbycusis

Answer 7

Hearing loss

Question 8

Three D’s

Answer 8

1. Delirium
2. Depression
3. Dementia

Question 9

1. Delirium

Answer 9

• Acute state of confusion
• Usually reversible once cause has been identified/treated

Question 10

Causes of delirium

Answer 10

• Electrolyte Imbalances
• Cerebral anoxia
• Hypoglycemia
• Meds/pain meds
• Infections
• Sensory overload
• New environments

Question 11

2. Depression

Answer 11

• Reversible
• Thought to contribute to high suicide rates
• People w/dementia may also experience depression

Question 12

3. Dementia

Answer 12

• Gradual impairment of brain function w/actual irreversible changes to the brain
• Memory loss

Question 13

Signs of illness in the elderly

Answer 13

• Confusion
• Decreased function
• Decreased appetite
• Dyspnea
• Tachycardia/pnea
• Cardinal signs of illness
• Cascade disease pattern

Question 14

Primary Health Promotion

Answer 14

• Prevention of illness or disease
• Immunizations

Question 15

Examples of Primary Health Promotion

Answer 15

• Stay current w/ vaccines
• Reduce risks of falling

Question 16

Secondary Health Promotion

Answer 16

• Early detection of illness/infection

Question 17

Examples of secondary health promotion

Answer 17

• Mammograms, colonoscopy
• Drink plenty fluids
• Be physically active 3-5 times a week

Question 18

Tertiary Health Promotion

Answer 18

• Limiting disease progression
• Rehab

Question 19

Examples of tertiary health promotion

Answer 19

• Maintaining appropriate weight
• Using meds, herb, supplements, as ordered

Question 20

Acute Illness

Answer 20

Disease that has rapid onset & short duration

Question 21

Characteristics of acute illness

Answer 21

• Responds to treatment
• Complications infrequent
• Person returns to previous level of functioning

Question 22

Examples of acute illness

Answer 22

• Cold
• Flu
• Gastroenteritis

Question 23

Chronic Illness

Answer 23

Disease that is prolonged, does not resolve by itself, rarely cured

Question 24

Characteristics of chronic illness

Answer 24

• Permanent impairments or deviations from normal
• Irreversible pathologic changes
• Residual disability
• Special rehab required
• Need for long-term medical management

Question 25

Examples of chronic illnesses

Answer 25

- Arthritis - Cancer - Diabetes - Coronary artery disease - Stroke - Obesity

Question 26

7 Tasks of people with chronic illness

Answer 26

1. Prevent/manage crisis 2. Carry out treatment plan 3. Control symptoms 4. Reorder time 5. Adjust to changes in course of disease 6. Prevent social isolation 7. Attempt to normalize interactions w/others

Question 27

Signs of sexual elder abuse

Answer 27

- Genital injuries - Bloody undergarments - Bruising on upper thighs - Trouble walking or sitting - STDs - Behavioral changes

Question 28

Signs of financial elder abuse

Answer 28

- Unusual bank activity - Forged/missing checks - Checks made out to cash - Last minute will updates - Plummeting bank account - Lost high-value assets - Generous gifts to acquittances/strangers - Poor financial decisions

Question 29

Signs of emotional elder abuse

Answer 29

- Withdrawal - Depression - Anxiety - Mood swings - Shame or guilt - Fear of certain people - Low self-esteem - Suicidal

Question 30

Signs of physical elder abuse

Answer 30

- Unexplained injuries - Frequent ED visits - Bruises, slap marks, burns, lacerations - Fall-related injuries - Overall decline in health