Old_known Flashcards
What should be developed early in the client-PT relationship in order to build a strong foundation?
rapport
Which of the following client types is most likely to exhibit positive health behaviors?
a) client w/ strong willpower
b) client w/ strong emotional state
c) client w/ external locus of control
d) client w/ internal locus of control
D) client w/ internal locus of control
During a training session, a client begins talking ab intimate personal issues & problems at home. What is the most appropriate action for the ACE CPT to take?
Redirect the conversation
What document includes a client’s medical info & explains physical activity limitations and/or guidelines as outlined by her/his healthcare provider?
medical release
what is the definition of heart disease?
a structural or functional abnormality of the heart or the blood vessels supplying the heart that impairs its normal functioning
What is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?
Attacks of severe shortness of breath & coughing that generally occur at night
What is a macronutrient?
a nutrient that is needed in large quantities for normal growth & development
What is a nutrient?
a component of food needed by the body.
Dark green veggies are highest in what vitamin?
Vitamin K
Which of the following claims is allowed on the packaging of a dietary supplement according to the regulatory requirements set forth by the Dietary Supplement Health & Education Act of 1994(DSHEA)?
a) calcium prevents osteoporosis
b) fiber maintains bowel regularity
c) calcium cures osteoporosis
d) fiber treats colon cancer
B) Fiber maintains bowel regularity
For the past 2 months, a client has been following his healthcare provider’s exercise guidelines of 30 min of indoor cycling at a rating of perceived exertion of 8(on the 6 to 20 scale) followed by mild stretching. The client has asked the ACE PT to add the elliptical machine to incorporate upper-body movements. What is the appropriate response?
Explain that, for his safety, a new medical release would be necessary to incorporate additional exercise
A client asks an ACE CPT to give her an eating plan designed after a diet she found on the internet. What is the most appropriate action?
Refer the client to a registered dietitian or other qualified healthcare professional
An ACE CPT working w/ a client makes the following statement: “You want to make these changes to manage your BP, avoid medication, & improve your quality of life. What obstacles do you think might get in the way of these goals?” Which best identifies the approach the PT is taking?
a) assessing outcomes
b) communicating openly
c) determining the stage of change
d) breaking down barriers
D) breaking down barriers
A long standing client has significantly increased their exercise frequency and intensity to break through a recent plateau. Over the past week, their resting heart rate has averaged 78 beats per minute compared to their typical 70 beats per minute. What best explains this increase?
Overtraining syndrome
What technique provides the most accurate true resting heart rate(RHR)?
Measure in the morning before rising from bed
Before progressing to Fitness training, a client should be able to consistently perform what?
A minimum of 20 min of steady-state cardio exercise in Zone 1 on at least 3 days/week
What is the definition of an agonist muscle?
the muscle directly responsible for observed movement; also called the prime mover
What client/job would likely display anterior tilting of the pelvis?
An accountant working in an office environment seated for extended periods during a 12-hr shift.
What is the minimum amt of time a client should be able to perform steady-state cardio exercise at a rating of perceived exertion of 3 to 4 before progressing to Fitness training?
20 minutes
What is overtraining syndrome?
The result of constant intense training that does not provide adequate time for recovery; symptoms include increased resting heart rate, impaired phys performance, reduced enthusiasm & desire for training, increased incidence of injuries & illness, altered appetite, disturbed sleep patterns & irritability
What is the definition of lean body mass?
The components of the body(apart from fat) including muscles, bones, nervous tissue, skin, blood & organs
True or false. It is crucial that all personal-training clients be assessed using a comprehensive fitness assessment protocol.
False
Which of the following statements about BMI is most accurate?
a) it’s an accurate measure of body composition
b) classification depends on the sex of client
c) a score of 32kg/m^2 falls w/in the overweight category
d) it is associated w/ health, morbidity & mortality
D) it is associated with health, morbidity & mortality
What is the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry body composition method?
- delivers a low-dose x-ray that reads bone & soft-tissue mass to identify regional body-fat distribution
- accurate & precise
What is the air displacement plethysmography body composition method?
- measures amt of air that is displaced when person sits in machine
- high accuracy
- equipment is expensive
What is the bioelectrical impedance analysis body composition method?
- measures electrical signals as they pass through fat tiss, lean mass & water in body
- simple to admin & noninvasive
- BUT accuracy varies on hydration level, machine & validity of lagorithms
What are 5 advantages of the talk test?
1) based on actual changes in ventilation due to physiological adaptations to increasing exercise intensities
2) very easy for practical measurement
3) no equip required
4) can easily be taught to clients
5) allows for personalized programming
Which of the following exercises would be contraindicated for a client w/ overweight or obesity?
a) water exercise
b) walking
c) jumping
d) recumbent cycling
B) Jumping
An ACE CPT is conducting an interview w/ a new client w/ obesity who has a physician referral to begin an exercise program. Which of the following best demonstrates a motivational interviewing approach?
a) “Why do you think your physician wants you to begin exercising?”
b) “why have you not been able to stick to an exercise program before?”
c) “what steps do you feel would be best to take to improve your health?”
d) “how much weight would you like to lose?”
c) “what steps do you feel would be best to take to improve your health?”
A client has recently lost a significant amt of weight & is looking for recommendations for maintaining the weight loss. Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation?
a) continue to work w/ a PT
b) maintain a food diary, record exercise activity & monitor weight
c) remove any high-calorie, high-fat foods from home
d) participate in group fitness classes 2 to 3 times/week
b) maintain a food diary, record exercise activity & monitor weight
During a client’s preparticipation health screening, an ACE CPT learns that the client has some existing medical conditions. Who is most appropriate to provide approval before beginning an exercise program?
the client’s healthcare professional
What is the best course of action for a client suspected of having a bone fracture in the leg?
call emergency medical services
Which of the following is most likely to be considered a characteristic of an independent contractor?
a) serves multiple corp. clients or entities
b) receives regularly scheduled payments
c) access to equipment provided by the employer
d) works a set schedule
a) serves multiple corp. clients or entities
Which of the following scenarios best describes an ACE CPT working as an independent contractor?
a) PT services are not a core function of the health club’s business ops
b) the health club provides continuing education on a quarterly basis for PTs
c) the PT receives a salary plus commission from a health club
d) the personal trainer typically only works for 1 employer
a) PT services are not a core function of the health club’s business ops
During an initial meeting, a PT & potential client agree on the days & times they will meet for their first 10 exercise sessions together. This negotiation describes which element of a binding contract?
Offer & acceptance
What would provide the best security when storing client exercise programs online?
A password-protected file in a virtual training program or app
Which of the following is w/in the scope of practice for an ACE CPT?
a) informing a client that certain food contains a high amt of a specific vitamin
b) recommending a specific shoe brand in response to a client’s request
c) providing a client w/ a sample food log of what the trainer eats
d) recommending that a client increase caloric intake of a particular food
a) informing a client that certain food contains a high amt of a specific vitamin
What is the minimum recommended coverage for an ACE CPT professional liability insurance?
$1M
What is the definition of a sole propreitorship?
A bus owned & operated by 1 person
What is the def. of corporate veil?
a legal doctrine that shields individual investors in a corp. from financial or legal liability beyond their initial investment
What is flow-through taxation?
financial profits & losses flow from business directly to investors. Business does not pay any taxes; rather, bus. profits are taxed on the investor’s individual tax return & losses can be utilized by the investors to offset other personal income
What is liability?
legal responsibility
What is a licensee?
any bus., org., or individual that has been granted legal permission by another entity to engage in an activity
What is a partnership?
a business entity in which 2 or more people agree to operate a business & share profits & losses
What is product liability insurance?
insurance that covers damages occurring due to product failure
What is a royalty?
a payment made to the owner of a copyright, patent or trademark in exchange for use of the protected intellectual property; typically a % of the sale
A vast majority of for-profit business in the US operate as what?
sole proprietors
What are the advantages & disadvantages of a sole proprietorship?
Advantages: - easily created & managed - flow through taxation Disadvantages: - personal liability -raising capital
What is a PT most likely to give up when switching form working as an indp. contractor to work as an employee of a fitness facility?
a) social security taxes being w/held & matched by facility
b) medical benefits covered by facility
c) need for justification from facility before being fired
d) flexibility to set his/her own schedule & pricing
d) flexibility to set his/her own schedule & pricing
Define anterior
toward or on the front side of the body
Define posterior
toward or on the back side of the body
Define superior
toward the head; higher
define anatomical position
std posture where body stands upright w/ arms beside the trunk, palms face forward and head faces forward
Define medial-lateral axis
straight line that cuts thru body laterally side to side. in the sagittal plane, rotation happens around this axis.
a hip hinge is a movement that occurs around a medial-lateral axis
define anterior-posterior axis:
straight line that cuts thru body from front to back. in the frontal plane, rotation happens around this axis.
raising harm laterally is a movement that occurs around the anterior-posterior axis.
define longitudinal axis
straight line that cuts thru body form top to bottom. rotation around longitudinal axis takes place in transverse plane.
spinal rotation with twisting trunk is example of movement around longitudinal axis
define internal rotation
rotation of joint toward middle of body
define external rotation
rotation of joint away form middle of body
define axial skeleton
made up of skull, sternum, rib cage & vertebral column
composed of 80 bones
correlates w/ central nervous system
define appendicular skeleton
made up of upper & lower extremities, as well as shoulder & pelvic girdles
composed of 126 bones
correlates w/ peripheral nervous system
Define long bones
characterized by long cylindrical shaft w/ irregular or widen ends.
humerus & femur are long bones
have 3 parts: epiphysis (end, primary site for bone growth), diaphysis (shaft portion), & epiphyseal plates (connect 2 portions of bone & where growth takes place)
define antagonist
muscles that oppose the prime mover muscle during a movement
triceps in a bicep curl
define agonist
muscles that work as the prime mover during movement
biceps in the bicep curl
What are the muscles in the neck?
(7) Levator, scapulae, strenocleidomastoid, scalenes, longus coli, longus capitis
What are the chambers in the heart?
(4) left & right atrium, left & right ventricle
What are the valves in the heart?
(4) tricuspid valve (prevents backflow into rt atrium) pulmonic valve (prevents backflow into rt ventricle) mitral (bicuspid) valve (prevents backflow into left atrium) aortic valve (prevents backflow into left ventricle)
What are blood vessels & their purpose?
1) arteries, carry blood away from heart
2) capillaries, smallest, network between arteries & veins
3) veins, carry blood toward heart (deoxygenated)
What are 6 different types of training?
1) HIIT
2) steady-state training
3) circuit training
4) super training
5) olympic lifting
6) variation in training
