Old Age I Flashcards
The fastest growing segment of people is people over the age of _____
85
What are significant neural changes due to age
- blood flow is reduced
- the brain becomes smaller
- the number of neurons decreases
Which eye structures change as we age
- pupil
- lens
- retina
- RPE
the pupil gets ____as we age. Glare recovery _____ as we age
smaller; increases
What are ways to treat presbyopia
- Multifocal lenses
- Monovision LASIK
- Monovision and Conductive Keratoplasty: shrinks collagen fibers in periphery of cornea
- IntraCor femtosecond laser: Not used in US; uses gas bubbles to reshape the cornea
- Artificial lenses
- Multifocal LASIK
- Corneal inlays and onlays
When the lens yellows, its difficult to see shades of ____
blue
As we age, our retina ____due to loss of neuronal cells and shortening of the OS. We also see a reduction in the number of cones and shrinkage in rods
thins
Lipofuscion is 2 molecules of Vitamin A and is unique bc it originates from phagocitized ____ ____. It can become pathogenic. Melanin originates from the auto phagocytosis of the lysosomes within the RPE themselves.
outer segments
Drusen can be hard or soft and can accumulate beneath the RPE. Aged eyes is indicative of ____ drusen. A diseased eye is indicative of _____drusen
hard; soft
What are the effects of the aging eye
- Amsler grid- scotomas
- anisometropia
- reduced color vision
- reduced stereopsis
- reduced VA
- reduced contrast sensitivity
- dark adaptation is more difficult
- decreased field of view.
With aging we see a ____ difference for 50 year olds and a ____ difference for 85+ adults.
0.4; 0.9
In regards to stereopsis, if disparity is more than ____ to _____degrees of arc we get separation between the ages.
35-40
Up until the age of ____, contrast sensitivity remains unchanged. But after this age, CS is decreasing due to a contribution of senile meiosis and nuclear sclerosis.
65
Why do we predict that there are significant changes in CS but not as much change in VA?
Bc VA is tied to central fovea retina and more cones are in tact.
____ visual test doesn’t really change with age, whereas, useful field of view does
standard
