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Question 1

Lithosphere

Answer 1

the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle:

Question 2

. Asthenosphere

Answer 2

The . Asthenosphere
is the third layer of the atmosphere, directly above the stratosphere and directly below the thermosphere.

Question 3

Mesosphere

Answer 3

The asthenosphere (from Ancient Greek ἀσθενός (asthenós) ‘without strength’) is the mechanically weak and ductile region of the upper mantle of Earth.

Question 4

4. Inner Core

Answer 4

Seismic wave velocity The velocity of the S waves in the core varies smoothly from about 3.7 km/s at the center to about 3.5 km/s at the surface.

Question 5

5. Outer Core

Answer 5

Earth’s outer core is a fluid layer about 2,260 km (1,400 mi) thick, composed of mostly iron and nickel that lies above Earth’s solid inner core and below its mantle.

Question 6

Seismic Waves

Answer 6

an elastic wave in the earth produced by an earthquake or other means.

Question 7

7. Oceanic Crust

Answer 7

Oceanic crust is the uppermost layer of the oceanic portion of the tectonic plates. It is composed of the upper oceanic crust, with pillow lavas and a dike complex, and the lower oceanic crust, composed of troctolite, gabbro and ultramafic cumulates. The crust overlies the rigid uppermost layer of the mantle.

Question 8

Continental Crust

Answer 8

the relatively thick part of the earth’s crust that forms the large landmasses. It is generally older and more complex than the oceanic crust.

Question 9

Density

Answer 9

Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is the substance’s mass per unit of volume.

Question 10

Alfred Wegener

Answer 10

Alfred Lothar Wegener was a German climatologist, geologist, geophysicist, meteorologist, and polar researcher. During his lifetime he was primarily known for his achievements in meteorology and as a pioneer of polar research,

Question 11

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Question 12

Convergent Boundary

Answer 12

A convergent boundary is an area on Earth where two or more lithospheric plates collide. One plate eventually slides beneath the other, a process known as subduction.

Question 13

Divergent Boundary

Answer 13

In plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.

Question 14

Transform Boundary

Answer 14

A transform boundary is a place where two of the Earth’s tectonic plates move past one another. As these plates move past one another, the two plates interact and can create cracks or faults within the surrounding area. While this is the basic definition of a transform boundary, there’s more to them than that.

Question 15

Sea-floor Spreading

Answer 15

Seafloor spreading or Seafloor spread is a process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ridge. Contents 1 History of study

Question 16

Pangaea

Answer 16

Pangaea or Pangea was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras.

Question 17

Laurasia

Answer 17

Laurasia was the more northern of two large landmasses that formed part of the Pangaea supercontinent from around 335 to 175 million years ago, the other being Gondwana.

Question 18

Gondwana

Answer 18

Gondwana was a large landmass, often referred to as a supercontinent, that formed during the late Neoproterozoic and began to break up during the Jurassic period.

Question 19

Mesosaurus

Answer 19

Mesosaurus is an extinct genus of reptile from the Early Permian of southern Africa and South America.

Question 20

Glossopteris

Answer 20

Glossopteris is the largest and best-known genus of the extinct Permian order of seed ferns known as Glossopteridales.