Oil And Polymers

Question 1

which chain hydrocarbons are more useful

Answer 1

short chain hydrocarbons

Question 2

long chain hydrocarbons

Answer 2

thick floppy liquids not useful

Question 3

what is cracking

Answer 3

turning longer chains produced by FD into smaller ones by thermal decomposition

Question 4

proces of cracking

Answer 4

breaking down molecules using heat
long chain HC is vapourised
vapour then passed over a powdered catalyst (aluminium oxide) at temp of 400-700

Question 5

why do we use crude oil

Answer 5

Crude oil fractions release lots of energy when they burn and they burn cleanly

Question 6

alkenes

Answer 6

hydrocarbons with double covalent between two of the carbon atoms in the chain
unsaturated bc u can add more atoms to them

Question 7

alkanes general formula

Answer 7

CnH2n

Question 8

testing for alkenes

Answer 8

by adding the substance to bromine water
the aliens turn the bromine from orange to cloudless
double bonds have opened up to form bonds with the bromine

Question 9

making ethanol from ethene

Answer 9

ethene can be reacted with steam in the presence of a catalyst
hydration reaction
cheap

Question 10

making ethanol from sugars 6

Answer 10

fermentation with sugar converted into ethanol using yeast
lowtech/energy process
renewable source
needs to be purified
could lead to deforestation

Question 11

polymerization

Answer 11

joining together lots of small alkene molecules (monomers) to form very large molecules calledpolymers

Question 12

polyethenemade at 60°C about of pressure and a catalyst

Answer 12

rigid and dense

Question 13

polyethene flexiblelow density

Answer 13

2000 atmospheres pressure

200°C