OH Final Exam review

Question 1

What makes up the epidemological triad

Answer 1

agent
host
environment

Question 2

Globally, enviornmental causes result in ______% of all deaths.

Answer 2

23%

Question 3

What is the greatest cause of enviornmental deaths?

Answer 3

pollution

Question 4

What are common environmental risk in veterinary practices?

Answer 4

• zoonosis
• noise
• chemicals
• radiation
• drugs
• animal trauma
• machinery
• vehicles
• waste
• odor / anesthesia gases

Question 5

LMU One Health Model includes
- enviornment
- human health
- animal health
- ?

Answer 5

social determinants

Question 6

_________ is defined as

• tom friedmans the world is flat and the olive tree and the lexus
• interconnectivity of economics
• impact societies and cultures

Answer 6

Globalization

Question 7

What is the Malthusian Theory

Answer 7

the power of population is so superior to the power of the earth to produce subsistences for man, that the premature death must in some shape of the other visit the human race

Question 8

What % of emerging diseases are zoonotic?

Answer 8

70%

Question 9

What year is officially the hottest year on record

Answer 9

2024

Question 10

Which greenhouse gas is the key one we are dealing with?

Answer 10

CO2

Question 11

Define Climate

Answer 11

is the long term, prevailing pattern of temperature, precipitation, and other weather variables at a given location, described by stats, such as means and extremes

Question 12

Define Climate

Answer 12

Is the environmental conditions that we expierence outside every day over a smaller, regional area

Question 13

Canine teatnus “Lockjaw” is caused by which organism?

Answer 13

clostridium tetani

Question 14

What condition is this?

Answer 14

canine teatnus “lockjaw”

Question 15

White muscle disease is a result of?

Answer 15

selenium deficiency

Question 16

What disease is this?

Answer 16

White muscle disease

Question 17

What is the scientific name for Black leg

Answer 17

Clostridium chauvoei

Question 18

What disease is this?

Answer 18

Black leg - Clostridium Chauvoei

Question 19

Feline asthma treatment

• __________ to reduce inflammation in the lungs, with or without bronchodilators to dilate the airways
• Both of these types of drugs come in oral, inhaled or injectable forms
• although corticosteroids may be used alone, bronchodilators are usually not used on their own as they do not treat the airway inflammation that brings in asthma

Answer 19

corticosterois

Question 20

Which condition is described as

• chronic dry, hacking cough, respiratory distress, open mouth breathing, pale MM, lethargy and exercise intolerance
• most common in older, small breeds of either gender
• treat with glucocorticoids and bronchodilators

Answer 20

canine allergic bronchitis

Question 21

An _____ is an organization composed primairly of soverign states, or of other intergovernmental organization
- established by a treaty or other agreement that acts as a charter creating the group

Answer 21

IGO

Question 22

What is the whole goal of the FAO?

Answer 22

food security

Question 23

What is the 2 key concepts that make up an NGO?

Answer 23

non-profit
independent

Question 24

_______ has higher levels of poor health and therefore contribute to the overall health status of their respective states

Answer 24

Appalachia

Question 25

Which condition is described as - animals with black hair begin to develop a reddish or gray tint to the hair - red animals become more bleached

Answer 25

Cooper deficiency

Question 26

What are the 4 conditions that must be met to esnure food security

Answer 26

- availability - access - stability - utilization

Question 27

The WFO described _______ are the most common cause of transitory food insecurity

Answer 27

conflict

Question 28

What is defined as - relates to the supply of food through production, distribution and exchange

Answer 28

food availability

Question 29

What is defined as - requires people to have income to buy food, the means to barter for it, produce it themselves, or is provided as aid package

Answer 29

access

Question 30

What is defined as - refers to the ability to obtain food over time

Answer 30

food stability

Question 31

What is defined as - refers to the metabolism of food by individuals - is it safe, digestible, nutrient value and culturally acceptable

Answer 31

Food utilization

Question 32

People will only be food secure if they have the ability to _____ it

Answer 32

access

Question 33

The majority of undernourished people suffer from lack of _____, not from lack of food availablity

Answer 33

access

Question 34

Which country is known as a high context?

Answer 34

china

Question 35

Which country is known for being low context

Answer 35

United states

Question 36

Why did Dr. V's idea not work for the cheese production even though the company was gaining more $$$

Answer 36

Dr. V failed to understand the cultural context

Question 37

Does the following describe western or non-western - there was a general understading that there was some sort of germ that caused rabies and it comes from dogs - however the proximate cause of the rabies was from a curse placed on individuals

Answer 37

mixture of western and non-western beliefs

Question 38

define preservation

Answer 38

goal of protecting nature from human use and interference, aiming to keep ecosystems intact in their natural state

Question 39

Define exploition

Answer 39

ussuatainable use of overuse of natural resources, often leading to habitat destruction, population decline and ecosystem imbalance

Question 40

A ____ is one or more epidemologically connected populations or enviorments in which a pathogen can be maintained and from which infection is transmitted to a target population

Answer 40

resivor

Question 41

Define pasteurization

Answer 41

- for liquid food, orginally for wine - kills 99.99% of microorganism in **milk** - not complete sterilization

Question 42

What is food safety

Answer 42

the science of protecting out food supply from contamination by disease-causing bacteria, viruses, chemicals and other threats to health

Question 43

Food safety was orginally targeted for? - the causative agent of zoonotic tuberculosis

Answer 43

Mycobacterium bovis

Question 44

Food safety was later adjusted to inactivate which disease

Answer 44

Coxiella burnetii - Q fever

Question 44

What is defined as - scientific discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage or food in ways that prevent foodborne illness

Answer 44

food safety

Question 45

What is defined as - the effort to protect food from acts of intentional adulteration

Answer 45

food defense

Question 46

The focus of the FDA food safety modernization act is ______

Answer 46

prevention

Question 47

Which program was created to prevent health hazard at certain points in food production process. the program focused on the hazards to health opposed to the quality of the product

Answer 47

HACCP

Question 48

Who is responsible for - processed egg products, raw/poultry and slaughter operation

Answer 48

USDA-FSIS

Question 49

Who is responsible for - production and transportion - border inspection - veterinary service - animal care

Answer 49

USDA-APHSIS

Question 50

Who is responsible for - all food sold interstate except for processed eggs, meat and poultry

Answer 50

FDA

Question 51

Who is responsible for - nationwide disease survillance

Answer 51

CDC

Question 52

Who is responsible for - authority for pesticides and toxins - safe drinking water standards

Answer 52

EPA

Question 53

What type of farming is the most widespread form of agriculture in the world

Answer 53

mixed subsistence - crops are the main source of food with animals supporting the farming operation

Question 54

What does the following define - mobile livestock keeping to available pasture and water - arid and semi-arid enviornment - includes camel, sheep, goats and horses - shapes diets (milk + meat) as well as culture

Answer 54

pastoralism